152 PRACTICAL FORESTRY 
Then we should wound the soil with mattock, rake, 
or with any other instrument, or in any other way 
that may be convenient. If the seeds are not de- 
voured by animals, or are not blown elsewhere, they 
should sprout in the course of a couple of years. 
When the young trees are well established, say two 
or three feet in height, the old mother tree may be 
removed, and there is left in its place a group of 
thrifty even-aged pines. This is the group or hurst 
method of regeneration. Pines and spruces, or any 
other desirable species, may be thus gradually fa- 
vored in mixed uneven-aged woods. 
An excellent method of regeneration in pure 
woods is by strips cut in such a way that they will 
be seeded by the wind from adjoining woods. If 
we should have a white-pine or spruce woods, we 
could regenerate it by cutting clean strips at right 
angles to the prevailing winds, beginning with the 
leeward side. The strips must not be too wide, how- 
ever, and the soil must be wounded so that the seed 
can germinate. Old fields in our South are often 
accidentally seeded in this way, and swine or cattle 
trample the seeds into the soil. 
Pure forests may be regenerated throughout by a 
series of successive cuttings, with the final removal 
of the mother and shelter trees. Gradually and even- 
ly the cuttings are conducted throughout the old 
