198 PRACTICAL FORESTRY 
and even the paper on which I write is simply wood 
in another form. 
3. Woop-PuLep AnD CELLULOSE 
It is of interest to note that the word ‘ book” 
comes from the old Germanic word for beech, be- 
cause the Anglo-Saxons and Germans wrote on 
beechen boards before paper was used. Also that 
the word “ library” comes from the Latin ‘ liber,” 
the bark of a tree. The first paper-makers were 
hornets, which scrape off the weather-worn wood of 
stumps, rails, and boards, and convert it into a kind 
of paper out of which they construct their nests. 
The amount of wood which is consumed in the 
manufacture of paper is immense. A prominent New 
York newspaper uses one hundred and fifty tons of 
paper daily. One fails to appreciate the magnitude 
of this amount without actually seeing it in bulk, or 
taking part in the handling of it. To produce this 
amount of paper, two hundred and twenty-five cords 
of spruce-wood are consumed. It requires one and a 
half cords of wood to produce one ton of paper-pulp. 
As the spruce ordinarily occurs in our northern 
mountains it averages about five cords to the acre. 
Of course in Europe, especially in Saxony and Bava- 
ria, where large quantities of spruce are raised for 
this purpose, it grows in dense, pure stands. One acre 
