222 PRACTICAL FORESTRY 
and the juice hardens into the gamboge sticks of com- 
merce. The genus Garcina, to which the gamboge 
belongs, consists of several valuable species. The 
delicious fruit called mangosteen and other fruits and 
nuts belong to it. 
A very valuable East Indian product is camphor. 
Its scientific name is Cinnamomum camphora. ‘To 
this same genus belongs the cinnamon of Ceylon. 
Formosa is a great camphor island. The industry is 
now in the hands of the Japanese, who became the 
possessors of this island after the war with China. 
The tree yields also excellent timber. It is a most 
beautiful tree, growing to a large size and living to a 
ripe old age. The flower is white and the fruit a 
small red berry. In order to extract the camphor 
the tree is cut down and converted into small chips. 
These chips are boiled in water. The camphor passes 
off with the steam and congeals in the form of white 
crystals in a cool chamber or condenser. Five million 
pounds are exported every year from Japan. Carved 
chests of camphor wood to keep out insects are com- 
mon in the Orient, especially at Hongkong and in 
the Philippines. 
Tn addition to those which have been already men- 
tioned there are many other valuable tropical forest 
products, the most important of which are timbers 
and precious woods. 
