FEDERAL AND STATE RESERVATIONS 239 
with the exception of the part occupied on the south- 
ern side by the Uintah Indian Reservation. Some of 
the water from these mountains is used for irrigation, 
some of it flows into the Green River, a tributary of 
the Colorado, and some of it into the Great Salt Lake 
Valley.- The first irrigation works in this country 
were constructed long ago by the aborigines of the 
Southwest. Their example was followed by the Span- 
iards, but the first Anglo-Saxon irrigation was prac- 
tised by the Mormons. 
For the beginnings of Anglo-Saxon irrigation in 
this country, we must go to the Salt Lake Valley of 
Utah, where, in July, 1849, the Mormon pioneers 
turned the clear waters of City Creek unon the sun- 
baked and alkaline soil in order that they might plant 
the very last of their stock of potatoes in the hope of 
bringing forth a crop to save the little company from 
starvation. 
Wood is searce in this district. The forests of 
the Uintah Mountains have been extensively cut, and 
conservative treatment is necessary in order to pro- 
tect the stream sources and furnish wood for future 
demands. 
In Colorado there are five reservations, although 
three are contiguous. The South Platte, Plum Creek, 
and Pike’s Peak Reservations together form an ir- 
regularly shaped reservation between the cities of 
