CONIFERS 255 
Southeastern. Greatest development in Virginia and 
North Carolina. Low, moist, or dry, sandy soils and 
abandoned fields. Adapted to a wide range of sites. 
Rapid grower; light-needing; seeds persistently and 
plentifully. 
7. WeEsTERN YELLOW Pine (Yellow Pine; Heavy 
Wooded Pine; Bull-Pine) (Pinus ponderosa Doug- 
las). Height, 200 feet-+; diameter, 12 feet +. 
Rocky Mountains to the Pacific, up to high elevation 
forming forests. Best developed on western slope of 
Sierras of northern and central California. Dry, 
rocky ridges and prairies, sometimes in swamps; 
but best in deep, loamy sand. Vigorous, rapid 
grower; very hardy, except when quite young. 
Well adapted to dry, windy, exposed places; suc- 
ceeds on Western prairies. The pine for reforest- 
ing southern exposures of the Western mountain 
regions. 
8. Sugar Pine (Pinus lambertiana Dougl.). 
Height, 150 feet; diameter, 4 feet +. Western Pa- 
cific slope. Best development in Sierras of central 
and northern California above 4,000 feet; lower in 
Oregon. Very rapid grower. Quite hardy in the 
East. Best pine for reforestation in its native 
habitat. 
9. Brack Spruce (Picea mariana Mill.; B.S. P.). 
Including the variety called Red Spruce. Height, 80 
