CONIFERS 259 
Canada. Light, alluvial loam, well-drained, but cool 
and moist situations. Grows slowly when young, but 
tolerably rapidly after four or five years; endures 
shade. Excellent nurse-tree for white pine, with 
which it is usually associated. 
16. Western Hemuiock (Z'suga mertensiana 
Bong.; Carr.). Height, 180 feet +; diameter, 6 
feet +. Northwestern States, between 1,000 and 
4,000 feet. Best development in western Oregon 
and Washington. A substitute for the above species 
on the Pacific coast. An exceedingly rapid grower, 
even on poor soils. Very shade-enduring, forming 
large part of the undergrowth in its habitat. 
17. Baro Cypress (Taxodium distichum Rich.). 
Height, 150 feet; diameter, 8 feet. South Atlantic 
and Gulf States, forming forests in swamps and pine- 
barren ponds. Indifferent to imperfect drainage and 
flooding, but capable of rapid growth on well-drained, 
moist, sandy soils, and hardy as far north as latitude 
39° and 40°, and even on Western prairies. Posi- 
tively light-needing. To be recommended for exten- 
sive planting in favorable situations; where even 
superior lumber may be expected. 
18. Tamarack (Black Larch; Hackmatack) (La- 
rix laricina Du Roi; Koch). Height, 80 feet; diame- 
ter, 1 foot +. Northeastern. Best development in 
Canada on moist uplands; in United States, in cold, 
