45 



Following are the values of offal articles, such as heads, feet, lard, entrails, bones, 

 tongues, etc., in factories of different sizes: — 



Factories 10,000 to 20,000 $2 00 to $2 25 per hog. 



" 20,000 to 60,000 (when making sausage) 2 10 to 2 40 " 

 " over 60,000 (when making sausage) .. . 1 75 to 2 00 " 

 The factories near large cities, such as Copenhagen, generally obtain from twenty- 

 five cents to fifty cents more per hog for their offal than the factories farther away. 

 Larger factories have an advantage over smaller ones in being able to secure a broader 

 recognition for their particular brand of bacon, lard and other articles. Smaller ones 

 find it difficult to get recognition as they have not sufficient of the different selections 

 to make an impression on the market. These Tiave often to sell their more or less 

 irregular shipments in the open market, and, in many cases, unbranded. The medium 

 and larger factories, when well managed, secure a reputation for the products bearing 

 their brands, which gives them an advantage of from twenty-five to fifty cents per cwt. 

 more than the smaller factories secure. If they then do business direct with retailers 

 or Avholesalers, they command fully twenty-five cents more per cwt. than when the 

 goods are sold through agents. So far comparatively few factories in Denmark sell 

 direct to the British retail trader. All goods sold by the Associations on order are 

 shipped f.o.b. at the buyer's risk. 



It may be mentioned that the question of overcoming the present commission 

 system in vogue in the English market, whereby goods are sold on a three per cent 

 basis, ;is, receiving the attention of the Danish co-operative associations, and, it is 

 hoped, sooner or later to effect an arrangement to greatly reduce this commission. 



The general yearly dividend paid by the Danish co-operative factories is from $1.75 

 to $2 a hog; but it was expected to reach about $2.35 per hog for the year 1909-10. 



THE GROWTH OF THE INDUSTRY. 



The following table prepared by the Secretary of the Central Association of Co- 

 operative factories at Copenhagen shows the growth of the bacon curing industry since 

 the opening of the first co-operative factory in 1888: — 



