X CONTENTS 



PAGE 



Homogenizer 169 



Sanitary Pipes and Fittings 171 



Ice Cream Can-Washer 171 



Packing Cans 171 



Sterilizer 172 



CHAPTER XX. 



ICE CREAM FACTORIES 173 



Local Creameries 1 73 



Advantages 174 



Cost of Equipment 175 



Profits from this Product 175 



The Large City Factory 1 76 



Homogenized Cream 176 



Making the Mix 178 



Freezing and Hardening 178 



Standardization of Cream 180 



CHAPTER XXL 



SCORING ICE CREAM 182 



Proposed Score Cards 182 



CHAPTER XXII. 



ICE CREAM STANDARDS 186 



Binders and Fillers 186 



Fat Standard 186 



Testing Ice Cream 188 



1. Hydrochloric and Acetic Acid Method 188 



2. Modified Babcock Method 189 



Bacteria in Ice Cream 189 



CHAPTER XXIII. 



MECHANICAL REFRIGERATION 193 



Chemicals Used 193 



Principles of Producing Cold Artificially 194 



Transferring the Cold 196 



Use of Brine 197 



Strength of Brine 198 



Size of Compressor 198 



Operation of an Ammonia Plant 198 



Insulation. . 201 



