THE CITY MILK PLANT 



III 



the ordinary cap with a large hoodlike paper cap covering 

 the entire top of the bottle. Others use a cap that fits 

 tightly over the opening of the bottle, insuring a tight 

 seal and protecting the lip at the same time. 



Another style of cap being introduced is that similar 

 to the cap used on pop and 

 beer bottles, a metal cap lined 

 with a fiber disk. These caps 

 can be used only on bottles 

 made for this purpose. They 

 are placed upon the bottle by 

 a machine that forces the cor- 

 rugated skirt of the metal 

 crown under the locking ring 

 of the bottle, thus forming a 

 hermetically tight seal, remov- 

 able only by means of a bottle 

 opener. This crown effectu- 

 ally protects the mouth of the 

 bottle. Machines are on the 

 market for automatically filling 

 and capping bottles of this 

 kind. With this system, milk 

 can be pasteurized in the bottles and thus avoid possible 

 contamination during cooling and filling of bottles. 



Business Principles. The business of handling a 

 large quantity of a perishable product demands close 

 watchfulness on the part of the managers to avoid losses. 

 The daily income and output of milk must be the same, 

 as near as is possible to have it. Because of the per- 

 ishable quality of the product, and because of the large 

 quantity that must be handled in a short time each day, 

 experienced help and efficient machinery are necessary. 



FIG. 24. Another type of a 

 sanitary bottle cap. 



