— 351 — 



joint, lameness ; of the pastern-joints, anchylosis or stiff-joint; of 

 the lower pastern, ring-bone ; of the knee-joint, stiffness and open 

 joint ; of the point of the shoulders, ulceration and bulging out 

 of the capsular ligament of the joint : wind galls, of almost all 

 the joints, more speciall}' in the pasterns. The cause and treat- 

 ment of these aflfections will be found under their proper heads, 

 throughout the book. 



Jugular Vein, Inflammation of. — This may be merely a sim- 

 ple swelling, after bleeding, caused by bruising the parts, by too 

 great force applied when bleeding, or by closing the wound too 

 tightly, causing extravasation of blood, between the skin and the 

 fascia. Inflammation of the jugular may be of great magnitude, 

 involving that vessel the whole length of the neck, above and be- 

 low the wound made by bleeding, ultimately causing its entire 

 obliteration. And, occasionally, the inflammation extends to the 

 brain itself, destroying life. Happily, bleeding is not now recom- 

 mended in the treatment of disease; consequently, this affection 

 will be among the diseases of the past. 



Treatment. Remove the pin, or whatever has been used to close 

 the wound, and apply a piece of blue-stone to the bleeding sore ; 

 this may be used, once a day, for a da}^ or two. Hot fomen- 

 tations, or a small poultice, should be applied to the part, to abate 

 inflammation or irritation. The fomentation will have to be ap- 

 l)lied the whole length of the thick corded vein, to cause its re- 

 laxation. Cut the feed for the horse, so as to save the movements 

 of the jaws, thus giving rest, as much as possible, to the parts af- 

 fected. 



Kidneys, Diseases of the. — The most important of which is 

 that already described under the head of diabetes (which see). 

 Hsematuria or bloody urine is occasionally seen in horses, more 

 frequently in cattle, and consists in a diseased state of the kidneys, 

 from violent strains or accidents. 



Calculi, or stones in the kidneys, are often found in the kidneys 

 of horses, and cause considerable irregularity in making water. 



Treatment. Occasionally give thirty to forty drops of muriatic 

 acid, in a bucket of cold water, to drink. 



Bloody urine may be treated by warm -water cloths, laid over 

 the back or in a situation above the kidneys. Use flaxseed tea 



