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Poisoning from lead and copper is most frequent in the country, 

 or in the vicinity of lead and copper-smelting works, or in pas- 

 tures where manure from large towns and cities is spread, or on 

 farms where the water is conveyed in leaden pipes, or is kept in 

 troughs and cisterns lined with lead. Pieces of lime and nails, or 

 scraps of iron finding their way into leaden troughs, cause oxida- 

 tion of the lead, forming sugar of lead — a bad poison. Not long 

 since, heavy damages were awarded a farmer who had lost several 

 head of cows from lead poisoning, occasioned by the spray of 

 leaden bullets shot against a stone wall by a rifle, or military 

 company — the fringes of lead spread upon the grass, being con- 

 verted into the sugar, or oxide of that metal, and the cows gather- 

 ing it with the pasture. 



Treatment. Give large doses of the white of eggs, and linseed 

 oil, in either lead or copper poisoning, to shield the coats of the 

 stomach and bowels, and to remove it from the body altogether. 

 Happily for his owner, large quantities of poisonous materials are 

 necessary to destroy the life of the horse. Materials which will 

 destroy man, dog, and the pig, will not, in many instances, have 

 effect on the horse, sheep, and cattle. Antimony, an active and 

 deadl}^ poison, when given to omnivorous animals, has no more 

 effect in a poisonous point of view than the same quantity of 

 earth, when given to herbivorous animals. Hence, tartar emetic 

 is now no longer used as a nauseant in the treatment of horses and 

 cattle, when laboring under lung diseases, however useful it is in 

 the same disease in man and the dog. 



Poll-evil. — This affection of the bacK part of the head is well 

 known to horsemen, without much of a description being given. 

 It consists in suppurative inflammation forming pus in the form 

 of a simple abscess, or in the form of fistula (which see). 



Cause. Injury to the part, or disease of the bone. 



Treatment. As soon as tlie swelling has become a little soft, 

 have it opened without delay, before the pus has time to burrow 

 down among the bones of the neck, and caiuse disease in them. 

 Make the opening large and deep enough so as to admit three 

 fingers, that the abscess can be swabbed out with a piece of sponge 

 or cloth tied on the end of a stick, to remove the pus. This will 



