CHAPTER I. 



INTRODUCTORY. 



LOCATION. 



The State of South Carolina lies between North latitude 32° 4' 30^' and 

 35° 12' and longitude West from Washington 1° 30' and 6° 54\ 



AREA. 



William Gerald De Brahm gave to the public, in 1757, the first Map of 

 South Carolina, estimating the area of the State at 33,760 square miles. 

 James Cook, in 1771, and Henry Mouzon, in 1775, published in London 

 excellent maps of the State, from which Drayton and Ramsay make the 

 area 24,080 square miles. Between 1816 and 1820 the State expended 

 $52,760 on a map of the State, under the direction of John Wilson ; this 

 map was published in 1822. The State spent $12,000 more for this pur- 

 pose in 1825, and obtained Robert Mills' large Atlas of South Carolina, 

 probabl}'^ the most accurate map of the State even to this day. Mills 

 estimates the area of the State at 30,213 square miles, The United States 

 Census of 1870 places it at 34,000 square miles, while the census of 1880 

 makes it 30,170. Thus, although geography may be held as one of the 

 exact sciences, it seems that these geographers, with no material changes 

 in the boundaries, vary in their estimates from twenty-six to thirty- 

 seven per cent. • 



BOUNDARIES. 



The State approaches in shape the form of an isosceles-triangle. The 

 equal sides being on the North, the boundary line of North Carolina, and 

 on the South and West, the Savannah river separating it from Creorgia. 

 The apex of the triangle rests upon the summits of the Blue Ridge moun- 

 tains. The base sweeping with a gentle s shaped curve from the south- 

 west to the northeast, forms part of the Atlantic shore line of North 

 America. This line is parallel, or nearly so, with about one-half the 



