THE PIEDMONT REGION. 167 



loam ; depth of soils two inches to eight inches ; the soils on bottoms 

 have a depth of from two inches to six inches, or more. Beneath the 

 subsoil is a fine, gray, soapy, sandy earth, mixed with mica. It has been 

 used successfully as manure. Growth, red, white, black, post, Spanish 

 and chestnut oaks, chestnut and hickory. Very little land for sale ; price 

 from eight dollars to ten dollars an acre. A good deal to rent for one- 

 fourth the cotton, two-thirds of the other crops. Croppers furnishing 

 labor and paying for guano, get one-third, two-fifths or one-half of the 

 crop. The worn out old fields, grown up in pines, are, when cleared again, 

 more productive than virgin forest, yielding with one hundred and fifty 

 pounds of guano one thousand pounds of cotton the first year. Clover 

 and other grasses do well. Wages of farm labor six dollars to ten dollars 

 a month ; about one-half performed by whites. 



Holland's Store Toionship [E. D. 23) : The ridges are flat topped, and are 

 a fine gray sandy loam, on clay subsoil ; not having washed under cultiva- 

 tion, they have steadily risen in value. Near the rivers and creeks the land 

 is hilly and broken, the soil a red clay, and soft micaceous rocks are found. 

 Growth, oaks, hickory, sourwood, dogwood and old-field pine. Since the 

 abolition of the fence law has restricted the range of cattle, many grasses 

 and forest plants, thought to be extinct, have re-appeared, among them 

 the wild pea and vetches. Wild oats are getting so abundant that large 

 tracts of wood lands look like oat fields. Crops, one-third of a bale of 

 cotton, ten bushels to twenty-five bushels corn, on upland ; and twenty 

 bushels to fifty bushels on bottom land, six bushels wheat, ten bushels to 

 twenty bushels oats per acre. Traces of gold are found. A bed of brown 

 hammotite covers a square mile or more, and near it is a knob of soap- 

 stone, much used for hearthstones. Generostee creek furnishes six mill 

 sites of twenty to fifty horse power, and at McDaniel's shoals, on the Sa- 

 vannah river, there is a fall of twenty-five feet to forty feet in two miles. 

 Wages of farm labor, fifty cents a day ; for ditching and harvesting, one 

 dollar and sixty cents ; more than one-half performed by whites. 



Equality Township (E. D. 28) : The ridges are flat or rolling, of a light 

 gray, gravell}^ and sandy porous soil, suited to cotton, but requiring fer- 

 tilizers to preserve their fertility. Towards the streams the land is more 

 hilly and broken. Soil, a stiff red clay on a red clay subsoil ; there are lands 

 under cultivation, yielding good crops, that were cleared one hundred years 

 ago, and have been worked for the last twenty-three years without manure. 

 Subsoil underlaid by rotten gneiss, mica, slate and hornblende, about 

 one-sixteenth dark brown loamy creek bottoms. Growth, black, white, 

 post and turkey oak, hickory, pine and chestnut. Crops, eight hundred 

 pounds seed cotton, fourteen bushels to forty bushel corn on uplands, 

 thirty bushels to seventy on bottoms, eight bushels to thirty bushels 



