178 THE PIEDMONT REGION. 



cotton, five bushels to thirty bushels corn per acre, Know of no land for 

 sale ; rents for one-fourth of the crop. 



Newberry County. 



Cromer TownsJiij} {E. D. 112) : Level and flat, rolling on the rivers. 

 On the levels, fine, gray, sandy loam, six inches to eight inches to subsoil 

 of red cla}'. The rolling lands have a clay soil and subsoil ; sand and 

 gravel underlies the subsoil. Growth, oak, hickory, walnut, cedar and 

 pine. Crops, one-half bale of cotton, ten bushels corn, twenty bushels 

 oats, eighty bushels barley, nine bushels wheat, seven bushels rye per 

 acre. About one-tenth of the land for sale for six dollars to eight dollars 

 an acre, and one-half to rent for one-fourth of the crop. Varieties of 

 granite, iron rock and soapstone occur. Gold and iron have been mined. 

 Bermuda grass and clover do well, also crab grass and swamp grasses. 

 Stock raising is found profitable. Field labor is paid fifty cents a day ; 

 one-twentieth of it performed by whites. 



Hellei'Toimsliip {E. D. 119): Lands elevated, level, along the streams, 

 hilly. Soils, fine sandy loam, gray or whitish, eight inches to twelve 

 inches to subsoil of fine, compact, red clay, free from grit. Growth, oak, 

 hickory, short leaf pine, walnut, mulberry, ash and maple. Japan clover 

 and Bermuda grass cover the land when left uncultivated, and the 

 Egyptian or Means grass grows luxuriantly along the borders of streams, 

 and on sandy bottoms. Land for sale in small tracts at eight dollars to ten 

 dollars an acre ; three-fourths of it for rent;. if stock, stock feed, and im- 

 plements are furnished, the rent is one-half the crop ; for the land alone, 

 it is four hundred pounds lint cotton for every twelve or fifteen acres, or 

 one-third of all crops. Granite of the finest quality for building abounds. 

 Splendid water powers on Broad river and Hellers creek. Little atten- 

 tion paid to stock raising. Wages, seventy-five dollars to eighty-five dollars 

 per annum, or fifty cents a day, with board. One-fifth to one-seventh of 

 the field labor performed by whites. 



Jalapa Township {E. D. 113) : Lands hilly and broken. Soil, red clay 

 loam, eight inches to red clay subsoil, underlaid by red clay. Growth, 

 oak and hickory. Three mill sites. Wagesj fift}' cents a day with board. 

 Very little white labor ; negro labor very unreliable, only willing to work 

 about one-third of the time. 



Saluda Old Town TownsJiip (E. D. 115): Lands level or gently un- 

 dulating, broken into abrupt slopes near the rivers and creeks. Soil, on 

 the uplands, red clay loam and gray, sandy loam, subsoil of red — rarely 

 of yellow — clay ; a very fine and nearly white granite underlies the clay 

 at the depth of ten to twenty feet. The Saluda river bottom averages a 



