the piedmont region. 181 



Union County. 



Uaion Township {E. D. 150) : Lands broken, hilly. A light, gravelly 

 soil, resting on red clay subsoil, underlaid by granite rocks. Water of 

 the shallower wells impregnated with magnesia ; of deeper wells pene- 

 trating the granite freestone. Growth, short leaf pine, oak, dogwood, 

 sassafras, walnut, beech, poplar. Price of lands much advanced since 

 passage of stock law ; sell for ten dollars to twenty dollars an acre. A 

 fine-grained, hard, durable, and easily split granite abundant. Water 

 powers, a fall of twenty feet on Fairforest river, over granite rocks, and 

 another of five and one-half feet ; several falls on Tj'^ger river. Stock 

 raising not considered profitable. No attention paid to anything but 

 cotton. No prevailing disease. Very healthy. 



Goivdeysville Township (E. D. 156): Hilly, and a good deal broken. Pre- 

 vailing soil red clay, with a red clay subsoil ; some sandy soil, with white 

 clay subsoil. Underlying subsoil is granite, and some rotten rock, or 

 white clay. Growth, short leaf pine, oak and hickory. Bermuda and 

 Means grass thrive. Clover grows finely. Creek bottoms, rich, sandy and 

 vegetable loam. Crops, seven hundred pounds seed cotton, corn, upland, 

 twelve bushels to twenty-five bushels, and fifty bushels on bottoms per 

 acre. Lands sell from five dollars to fifteen dollars an acre ; rent for 

 one-third of the crop. Several mill sites on creeks, and unlimited water 

 power on Broad river. Stock might be profitably raised, but no attention 

 is paid to it. Field labor, ten dollars a month, and fifty cents a day. No 

 local disease. Three-fifths of the field work performed by whites. Seve- 

 ral gold and iron mines. 



Santee Township {E. D. 149) : Lands generally level towards centre of 

 tow^nship. Prevailing soil is a fine w^hite sandy loam ; along Broad and 

 Tyger rivers, red clay hills ; depth to subsoil of pipe clay six inches to 

 twelve inches. Sand underlies the pipe clay. Growth, short leaf pine, 

 oak and hickory. -Average crops, six hundred pounds seed cotton, ten 

 bushels corn, and fifteen bushels oats per acre. Price of lands increased 

 from two dollars and fifty cents to ten dollars per acre, since passage of 

 stock law. Sandy lands considered the poorest before the use of commer- 

 cial fertilizers, now bring the highest prices. A neighbor made last year 

 forty bales of cotton, a sufficiency of corn, and sold seed oats, on a two- 

 horse farm. Not an isolated case. Know of no lands for sale. Most of 

 it to rent for three four hundred and fifty pound bales of cotton for a 

 one horse farm, which usually contains forty acres in cultivation and sixty 

 acres in old field pastures and woodlands. Almost impossible to hire a hand 

 for wages. Laborers prefer to work on shares or to rent. A mill site on 

 Broad and also on Tyger rivers. No attention paid to stock. Day labor 



