208 WATER-POWERS OF SOUTH CAROLINA. 



reduced, and water gives only 53.63 per cent, of the total power employed. 

 This tendency of sup[)lantihg the use of water by steam prevails thi'ough- 

 out the United States, with the exception of five only of the newer and 

 remoter States and territories. For the whole country the percentage of 

 steam in the total power used has risen, since 1876, from fifty-one to sixty- 

 four per cent. 



Under the United States tariff protecting manufactures, no pressing 

 necessity has been felt for attention to economy in the matter of motive 

 powers. The present attitude of the public mind seems to indicate that 

 this state of things will not obtain much longer, and the cost of motive 

 powers of different kinds and in different localities must become a ques- 

 tion of much consequence. The following statement exhibits the cost of 

 water and steam powers at several well-known manufacturing points : 



Annual Rent or Estimated Cost of One Horse-Power. 



W.\TEIi-POWER. STEAM-POiVER. 



Lawrence, Mass $14 12 $64 00 to $74 00 



Dayton, Ohio 38 00 33 60 



Birmingham 20 00 



Cohoes, New York 20 00 



Turner's Falls, Mass 10 00 



Augusta, Georgia 5 50 



It is estimated that if the State rents the water it is now developing at 

 Columbia at five dollars per annum for one horse-power, that it will ob- 

 tain a handsome revenue from the labor and material expended. 



At seven per cent, on the cost of dams and canals for the water-power 

 utilized and available in South Carolina, the following is a statement of 

 the cost of a horse-power per annum at several factories in this State : 



Langley $2 10 



Graniteville 5 81 



Vaucluse 7 00 



No. l,Camperdown 43 



Glendale 39 



Saluda Factory 28 



Average for the whole, one dollar and seventy cents per annum per 

 horse-power. 



