POrULATION. 381 



holding States had less than six per cent, of the negro population of 18G0, 

 but they have nearly ten per cent, of the much larger negro poi)ulation 

 of 1880; and while the increase during this period was only forty-eight 

 per cent, for the whole country, it was one hundred and twenty-five per 

 cent, for this region. 



Contrary, then, to the many theories on this subject, the fticts, up to 

 this date, point decidedly to a general dissemination of the negro race. 

 To say that they are not adapted to -these northern and western latitudes, 

 and that they will only go there to be destroyed by the severity of the 

 climate, is, to use an argument that has no general application to the 

 great movements of mankind. Even now, the foreigners avIio go to 

 those same regions, suffer fearfully from the severity of the climate, as 

 shown by their death rate (see page 377) ; nevertheless, they continue 

 to go. 



The negro in South Carolina is performing a fair share of physical 

 labor, but left to himself he is without initiative and is well content to do 

 little work and to reap small profits. They are of temperate habits, and 

 drunkenness and gluttony are rare among them. Without the more 

 robust virtues or vices of the white race, they are cheerful, pleasant tem- 

 pered and inoffensive. If they suffered grievous wrongs during slavery, 

 as has been so widely asserted, with every opportunity and incitement 

 from outsiders to do so, they have shown no disposition to take revenge 

 upon their former masters. The personal relations between the two races 

 continue most friendly, and perhaps no where in the world and at no 

 time in its history, has such easy, considerate, kind and respectful inter- 

 course subsisted between employer and employee, as between the Southern 

 white man and the negro. 



EUROPEANS 



1497 derived their first knowledge of South Carolina from Sebastian 

 Cabot, an English subject, who visited these coasts shortly after 

 the discovery of the new world. 



1520 D'Ayllon, in quest of gold and slaves, landed on St. Helena island, 

 gave it its name, and claimed the country for Spain. 



1562 Admiral Coligny sends a colony of French Huguenots, in two 

 small vessels, to Port Royal ; a settlement of twenty-six persons is 

 made there ; but the following year they build a vessel and return 

 to France, leaving to the country only its name, Caroline, after 

 their king, Charles IX., and a small fort. 



1G29 The country is granted to Sir Robert Heath by Charles I. of 

 England, under the name of Carolina. 



