POPULATION. 391 



besides thirty-two born on the high seas. The total number of foreign 

 born is 7.686, which is 2,300 less than in 1860, showing that the State 

 has not yet resumed relations, as they existed previous to the war, with 

 foreign countries, despite the efforts being made to encourage immigra- 

 tion. That the conditions of life in South Carolina are unusually favor- 

 able to foreigners is shown by the fact of the much larger proportion of 

 persons descended from foreign born parents in South Carolina than in 

 the country at large. Thus, the number of persons in this State having 

 one or both parents foreign born is 21,666, or something over 2.8 for each 

 resident foreigner, while for the country at large it is only 2.2 for eacli 

 resident foreigner. That persons of foreign descent in South Carolina 

 should number 182 per cent, of the foreign born population of the State, 

 and only 123 per cent, of that of the whole country, is due to the lower 

 rate of mortality and to the higher rate of natural increase promoted by 

 a more temperate and healthful climate in Carolina, and also doubtless 

 to moral causes. These are, that owing to the large colored population 

 of the State, the more skillful and intelligent foreigners are able to com- 

 mand more remunerative positions in the higher occupations here than 

 elsewhere. And when their descendants, having more time for observa- 

 tion, ascertain this state of things, they are not slow to migrate hither, 

 from places where, from the facilities offered by transportation, their 

 parents may have first landed and settled. Thus 12 per cent, of the for- 

 eign population of the whole country is engaged in agriculture, but only 

 6 per cent, of that population in South Carolina is so engaged ; 14 per 

 cent of the foreign population of the country is engaged in personal and 

 professional service against 10 per cent, in South Carolina ; and of tiiis 

 14 per cent. 11 per cent., or 777,382 foreigners belong to the lowest of 

 drudgeries, that is to the class of common laborers and domestic servants. 

 In the higher and more remunerative occupations of trade and transpor- 

 tation only 7 per cent, of the foreign population of the country at large 

 find occupation, while 19 per cent, of that of South Carolina is thus en- 

 gaged. Again, in manufactures and mining, 18 per cent, of foreigners 

 in the country at large find work, against 11 per cent, of that population 

 in South Carolina ; and of this 18 per cent, there are 126,325 miners ; 

 74,961 cotton factory operatives, and 167,971 operatives and laborers in 

 other manufacturing establishments; making in all 5 per cent, of the 

 entire foreign-born population in this class of laborious and compara- 

 tively poorly paid occupations. Now that slavery is abolished and labor 

 is free here, foreign workmen and artisans will not be slow to perceive 

 the better chance offered bv the condition of affairs in Carolina. 



