OCCUPATIONS. 



559 



above all, it shows the increase in the number of bread-winners for the 

 country at large, and for the State, since this period of disquiet has 

 passed. A comparison more in detail of the ninth and tenth census as 

 regards the increase and decrease of persons engaged in gainful occupa- 

 tions will exhibit some of the more general features of the industrial ten- 

 dencies of the State. The increase and decrease here referred to is esti- 

 mated as follows : The population of South Carolina over ten years of 

 age in 1870 was 503,763 ; in 1880, this population was returned as 667,- 

 456, giving an increase of 163;693, or thirty-two per cent. In 1870, the 

 workers numbered 263,321, and if they increased in the same ratio as the 

 population, that is by thirty-two per cent., they should have numbered 

 347,588, but actually they are numbered in the tenth census at 392,102, 

 a gain of 44,519, or a net increase of workers of twelve per cent, over 

 and above, and in addition to the natural increase of thirty-two per cent. 

 This increase furnishes what may be called the index to the moral, as 

 distinguished from the natural increase in industrial tendency. If it is 

 desired to know the gross rate of increase in all occupations, or in any 

 leading class of occupations given in the following table (B,) the natural 

 rate of increase of the, population over ten years must be added to the 

 percentage there stated. This is, as above stated, thirty-two for South 

 Carolina, and thirty for the United States. 



l.ahle showing the percentage of net increase or decrease — (m) designates the 

 latter — in relation to the increase of the jiopulcdion over ten years, of 

 persons engaged in occupations in South Carolina and the United States, 

 between 1870 and 1880. 



B. 



