566 OCCUPATIONS. 



Domestic servants have decreased onc-tliird, wliile for tlie United States 

 at large there has been an increase since 1S70 of 11 per cent, in this class, 

 and since 1800, of 297 per cent. Thus, while domestic servants constitute 

 G per cent, of the whole working population of the country at large, they 

 only form 4 per cent, of that in South Carolina. These facts justify the 

 very shrewd observations of Sir George Campbell, who points out to the 

 emigrant classes of England and Ireland the excellent opening here for 

 competent servants. The great increase, however, in those engaged in 

 personal services in this State is due to the increase in laborers. For this 

 large and important class it amounts to 98 per cent, since 1870, and is 

 greater than that which has taken place for the country at large within 

 two decades. This augmentation is accounted for in South Carolina only 

 in a very small degree by immigrants, but comes almost exclusively from 

 the large class of idlers and vagabonds created by emancipation, who 

 have been admonished, by the gentle but steady pressure of good govern- 

 ment since 1876, that they must earn their bread in the sweat of their 

 brows. The percentage of all workers engaged in 



TRADE AND TRANSPORTATION 



has varied during the last decade less than one per cent, both in South 

 Carolina and in the United States, the increase being but slight in both 

 cases. In spite of the large river and harbor appropriations the actual 

 numbers of sailors, steamboatmen, pilots, watermen, etc , have decreased 

 more than 1000 in the United States since 18G0. In South Carolina this 

 class of Avorkers have increased over forty per cent, in the last decade. 

 There has also been in this State a large increase in the official and em- 

 ployees of railroad companies, amounting to about sixty-eight per cent, 

 on those enumerated in 1870. As it was formerly a popular argument 

 in this State against railroads, that the}' would do away with horses in 

 transportation, to the loss of corn and hay raising farmers, and put an 

 end to the occupations of teamsters, stage-drivers, hackmen and dray- 

 men, it is curious to note, that side by side with the above statement, the 

 classes here referred to have more than doubled in numbers in the same 

 time. Traders and dealers have, with the restoration of peace and quiet, 

 increased over thirty per cent, since 1870 ; the,y only number, however, 

 seventy-four more than they did in 1860. A most insignificant increase 

 in comparison with the increase in the population. None of the colored 

 population engage in trade, saving a few as porters in large stores. In 



MANUFACTURES AND MINING 



the percentage of increase in the working class of the country at large 

 has been one per cent,; in South Carolina the increment has been 



