MANUFACTURES. 



or. 



gregate capital engaged in manufactures, the iron and steel business alone 

 being larger. The number of hands is a little more than five per cent, 

 of all hands employed in manufactures, and somewhat larger than in any 

 other manutacturing industr3^ The wages are four per cent, of the ag- 

 gregate of wages paid in manufacturing, and about equal to the amount 

 dis1.)ursed for picking the cotton crop. The materials are three per cent, 

 of all materials converted b}' manufacturing, and seven other industries, 

 to wit : flour and grist mill products, slaughtering and meat packhig. 

 Iron and steel, lumber, sugar and molasses, and men's clothing, consume 

 more. The products are three per cent, of the aggregate products of man- 

 ufactures; five industries, to wit: flour and grist mills, slaughtering and 

 meat packing, iron and steel, lumber, and foundry supplies, produce 

 more. But cotton manufactures form the chief manufacturing industi-y 

 in South Carolina, and their condition and growth from 1S50 to 1880, as 

 shown Ijy United States Census returns, are given in the following table : 



Table E. 



:s -J:; : Spindles, t Capital. 



W 



No. 



Hands 

 No. 



Wages. 



Cotton 

 Consumed, 



Lbs. 



Cost 



OF 



Value 



OF 



Mate'als. Products. 



1850. 

 U. s. A. 

 So. Ca... 



ISBO. 



r. s. A. 



So. Ca... 



*1870. 

 U s.A. 

 So. Ca... 



1880. 

 U. S. A. 

 So. Ca... 



ti88:j. 



So. Ca... 



1094! 

 18 



1091 

 ■ 17 



74,.500,9.31 



857,200 



5,255,7271 98,585,269 

 30,890| 801,825 



95fi 7,132,415,112,545,032 



121 34,940 j 1,009,600 



75()| 10,653,435:208,280,340 



14i 82.334! 2,776,100 



26i 



181,7431 4,084,000 



92,286 

 1,019 



122,028 

 891 



135,369 

 1,123 



174,6.59 

 2,053 



4,467 



23,940,108 

 123,300 



31 ,235,307 

 206,143 



42,040,510 

 380,844 



942,700 



288,-558,000 

 4,468,050 



422.704,975 

 3,978,061 



409,901,106 

 4,756,823 



750,343,981 

 15,601,005 



34,835,0.56 

 295,971 



65,501.687 

 842,440 



57.285,5341115,681,774 

 431,525; 713,050 



89,399,548 141,891,781 

 609,173j 1,223,949 



102,206,.347 492,090,110 

 l,808,.300l 2,895,769 



47,924,2731 5,219,564 



8,147,126 



Note.— *The fi.eures given in the United States Census are stated in currency for the 

 year 1870; they are here reduced to gold, which was at an average premium in that 

 year of 25.3 per cent- 



fThese totals are from an enumeration made by the Department of Agriculture of 

 South Carolina in November, 1882, which is given in detail further on. 



The marked and continuous decrease during this entire period in the 

 number of establishments throughout the country at large indicates that 

 the old established centres of this indu.stry had already before its com- 

 mencement attained their Avidest extension, and that thereafter the 

 development of these enterprises depended rather on consolidating and 

 enlarging existing mills, than on erecting new ones. Such a degree of 



