58 1 MANUFACTURES. 



§8,000,000. A-^ain, the amount of raw cotton maimfactured in Carolina 

 in 1883 is about equal to the total quantity of that material imported 

 into Great Britain in the year 1800, the import for 170D being given as 

 forty-three millions pounds, and for 1801 as fifty-six millions pounds. 

 The rapid development taking place in the cotton manufactures of South 

 Carolina is not exceptional. It is almost entirely within the present cen- 

 tury that this industry has had its growth, and "taking into consideration 

 the capital invested, the labor employed, the genius it has waked, and 

 the honors with which that genius has been crowned, the endless stDam 

 marine, the number of merchants, bankers, clerks, and sailors engaged 

 in its world-wide distribution, it may be said that the cotton manufactur- 

 ing industry fills a larger space in the commercial activity and greatness 

 of to-day than any other, perhaps, than all the other manufacturing in- 

 dustries of the world combined." The value of the products of the cot- 

 ton manufactures of the world for 1880, are estimated at i^l,348,31 0.000. 

 Of this enormous product forty -one per cent, comes from the United 

 Kingdom of Great Britain, seventeen per cent, from the United States 

 (which ranks next by more than double the quantit}' produced by any 

 other nation), and forty-two per cent, from all the other countries of the 

 world. And yet, if the natural and reasonable wants of mankind in the 

 matter of cotton goods are to be supplied, this industry is only in its in- 

 fancy, licaving out of view all the numerous and important human uses 

 that cotton goods subserve, and the new purposes (such as roofing, &c., 

 etc.,) to which they are being daily applied, if the matter of underwear 

 alone be considered, it is computed that the cleanliness, comfort and 

 health of a human being will be increased by an annual consumption of 

 cotton cloth up to $20 at current prices. But the greatest consumption 

 of cotton goods in 1880 in Great Britain and Ireland was only $5.71 

 per capita, having risen from $3.47, in 1853. In the United States it is 

 twenty-one per cent. less. Taking the population of Europe, including 

 Russia and Turkey, and -of North and South America, the annual 

 product of the world would supply only $2.95 per capita. China and 

 India chiefly supply themselves with cotton goods, manufactured by 

 hand looms. The former country produces annuall}'' by this primitive 

 and costly method, 7,300,000,000 yards, an amount almost equal to twice the 

 total annual export of cotton piece goods from Great Britain. If their 

 population be included, the present products of the cotton mills of the 

 world would only furnish goods to the value of $1.20 per capita. If, finally, 

 the populations of the rest, of Asia, of Africa, and the islands of the sea 

 Ije included, and the entire product of the world's cotton manufactures 

 Avere divided out to its inhabitants, there would be only a value of 

 ninctv-three cents for each. How far and how fast the civilization of 



