72 Feeds and Feeding. 



The first division of the table relates to the composition of the 

 entire body (fasted live weight) of the animal. Referring to the 

 second column, headed '' mineral matter," we learn that in every 

 100 pounds of the body of the fat calf there are 3.8 pounds of ash 

 or mineral matter; that is, if the body of the calf were consumed 

 by fire, there would remain that amount of ash for each 100 

 pounds of body weight. With the half -fat ox tlie ash amounts to 

 4.66 pounds, while for the fat ox it falls to 3.92 pounds for each 

 100 pounds live weight. 



In like manner we learn that in 100 pounds of live lean pig 

 (fasted weight) there are 2.67 pounds of ash or mineral matter, 

 while in the fat pig there are only 1.65 pounds. The pig has 

 less mineral matter in its body than other farm animals. 



100. Nitrogenous substance. — In the muscles, tendons, liga- 

 ments, hide, hair, horns, blood, nerves and organic matter of the 

 bones is found the nitrogenous substance of the body. ]\Iost of 

 the nitrogenous substance is in the red meat or lean portion of the 

 flesh. For each 100 pounds of body weight the fat calf has 15.2 

 pounds of nitrogenous substance. This is slightly increased for the 

 half-fat ox, and reduced for the fat ox. In the lean sheep and pig 

 there is less nitrogenous substance than in the fat calf, while for 

 the extra- fat sheep and fat pig the lean meat constitutes only 10.9 

 pounds in each 100 pounds of body. 



101. Fat of the body. — In the fat calf there are 14.8 pounds of 

 fat for 100 pounds of body weight. This is increased to 19.1 for 

 the half- fat ox and 30.1 pounds for the ox when fat. Lean sheep 

 show 18. 7 pounds of fat, while in extra fat sheep it runs up to 

 45.8 per 100 pounds weight. The lean pig shows 23.3 per cent, 

 and the fat pig 42.2 per cent, of fat. 



It is interesting to observe that the body of the fat calf contains 

 almost as much fat, and that of the fat ox more than two pounds 

 of fat, for each pound of nitrogenous or lean-meat substance. Even 

 in lean sheep there is more fat than lean meat, and with the 

 extra- fat sheep there is four times as much fat as dry lean meat. 

 The same is true of the fat pig. 



102. Water and dry substance in the body. — In the next two 

 columns of the table is a statement of the total dry substance and 



