Leading Cereals and their By-products. 



133 



Fjord's experiments witli pigs show that rye has a feeding 

 value about equal to barley, and that the quality of pork from 

 this grain is satisfactory. (891) Barley and rye were shown to 

 be sui^erior to rye shorts. (895) The pork from rye shorts was 

 of an inferior quality, showing more shrinkage and being softer 

 than that from rye and barley mixed. (466) 



The use of rye and its by-products in this country is quite lim- 

 ited, and in consequence there is little data concerning this grain 

 for feeding purposes. Since it is used quite extensively for human 

 food, we may suppose that rye is not inimical to animal life, and 

 that under proper limitations it will prove satisfactory with farm 

 stock. It has been charged that since ergot, a fungus having 

 medicinal effects, grows on rye heads, rye may therefore prove 

 dangerous to farm animals and may even cause abortion. This 

 charge seems unreasonable when we reflect upon the common use 

 of this grain for human food in European countries. (283) 



rV. Barley and its By-products in Brewing. 



Digestible nutrients and fertilizing constituents. 



Name of feed. 



Dry 

 matter 

 in 100 

 pounds. 



Digestible nutrients 

 in 100 pounds. 



Fertilizing constitu- 

 ents in 1,000 pounds. 



Pro- 

 tein. 



Carbo- 



hy- 

 di-ates 



Phos- 

 phoric 

 acid. 



Barley 



Malt sprouts , 



Brewers' grains, wet.. 

 Brewers' grains, dried 



Lbs. 

 89.1 



24.3 

 91.8 



Lbs. 



8.7 

 18.6 



3.9 

 15.7 



Lbs. 



65.6 



37.1 



9.3 



36.3 



Lbs. Lbs. 



1.6 

 1.7 

 1.4 

 5.1 



15.1 

 35.5 



36.2 



Lbs. 



7.9 

 14.3 



3.1 

 10.3 



Lbs. 



4.8 

 16.3 

 0.5 

 0.9 



178. Characteristics. — Barley is one of the most widely culti- 

 vated cereals, growing as far north as 70 degrees latitude in Lap- 

 land near Xorth Cape, while in this country it is found in Arizona 

 and California flourishing beside groves of the lemon and orange. 

 This grain, which was probably the chief bread plant with many 

 ancient nations, is now devoted almost wholly to brewing and 

 stock feeding. ^ The use of barley as a feed for animals is still 



1 For a history of the barley plant and many other interesting facts in 

 relation thereto, see Brewer's Special Report on the Cereals, 10th U. 8. 

 Census. 



