Feeds fw the Horse. 293 



colli and about 1 ounce of salt per 1,000 pounds weigM. The 

 nutritive ratio of this ration is about 1:6.4. In case of work 

 horses, especially those doing rapid work, not accustomed to 

 voluminous rations and not having the capacity for them, more 

 intensive feeding will be in order, such, for instance,^ as that 

 practiced by the Paris Omnibus Company, where 28 per cent, of 

 the rations for horses consists of roughage (meadow hay and oat 

 straw in the proportion of 2:1), and 72 per cent., or nearly 

 three-fourths, of concentrates (oats, bean, corn, oil cake), the 

 nutritive ratio being about 1 : 7.2. * 



458. Relative value of oats, beans and corn. — As a result of 

 feeding experiments with horses at Hohenheim, Wolff ^ concludes 

 that in feeding work horses, 4 pounds of oats are equivalent to 3.5 

 pounds of field beans, and 4 pounds of beans to 3.5 pounds of 

 corn. On the basis of these figures, oats, beans and corn have a 

 relative value for horses of 4 : 3.5 : 3, or perhaps more correctly, 

 5:4.5:4. 



459. Relative value of hay and oats. — According to WolfiPs' ex- 

 periments, 2.5 pounds of good meadow hay have an equal nutritive 

 value of 1.5 pounds of oats, if the digestible crude fiber be in- 

 cluded in both cases; without this the ratio will be 2 : 1. 



460. Barley. — This useful grain for the horse has as yet been lit- 

 tle fed in the eastern United States, probably because of its gen- 

 eral high price. On the Pacific coast barley is extensively used 

 for feeding horses at all kinds of work. Where the horse's teeth 

 are good and the labor not severe, barley may be fed whole. 

 Ground barley, when mixed with the saliva, like wheat, forms a 

 pasty mass in the mouth, and is therefore unpleasant to the hor;-e 

 wliile eating; if, instead of grinding, the grains are crushed to 

 flattened discs between iron rollers, they are more palatable and 

 acceptable to the hoi-se. (178) 



461. Dried brewers' grains. — At the New Jersey Station, * dried 

 brewers' grains were fed to street-car horses in place of oats. 

 Horses averaging 1,C00 pounds in weight were required to make 



1 Wolfr, Ldw. Jahrb., XXIV, p. 267. 



* Loc. cit. 



» Ldw. Jahrb., XXIV, p. 269. 



* iiept. 1892. 



