362 PASTURE MANAGEMENT AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION 



Animal husbandry Comparative value of feeds, computing rations, 



and suitability of the different breeds of live- 

 stock to the various conditions. 



Genetics • • Improvement in animals and plants through the 



application and control of the laws of heredity. 



Veterinary science Control of diseases of domestic (range) stock; 



surgery in connection with livestock pro- 

 duction. 



CivU engineering Fundamentals of surveying, map-making, and 



typing as related to range use and manage- 

 ment. 



Meteorology Climatic phenomena in relation to crop produc- 

 tion; climatic forecasts and climatic cycles. 



Botany probably has the widest possibihties of appHcation. 

 This subject should include a study of the five subdivisions 

 indicated, and these should be preceded by at least one year's 

 study of general (college) botany. A knowledge of botany is 

 sure to have a telling effect ultimately on forage production and 

 hence upon the hvestock industry, for the further development 

 and stabilization of the industry is absolutely dependent upon 

 an adequate and permanent supply of choice forage. Recogni- 

 tion of the identity of range species, their internal or external 

 morphology, the laws that control the functions of growth and 

 reproduction, and the ecological requirements of the different 

 forage types is sure to affect the future production of pasture 

 lands. Any plan of range management which aims to improve 

 the carrying capacity of pastures must be based upon the funda- 

 mentals of botanical science. 



Following the general instruction in zoology, a special course 

 should be given in the history of the development of domestic 

 livestock. Such a course should aim also to cover in detail 

 the history of development, relationships, distribution, and life 

 history of the more common predatory and game animals. 



The general grounding in entomology should be followed by a 

 special course in applied entomology, and should consider the 

 identity and life history of the genera and species of insects that 

 are commonly detrimental to forage and beef production. 

 Special consideration should be given to such troublesome insects, 

 for instance, as the botfly and to ticks that prey on stock. 



