OUTLINE OF GRAZING COURSE 



375 



(4) First or early weed stage. 



(5) Denudation. 



c. Revegetation of driveways and bed grounds. 



d. How to recognize reliable pasture-indicator 

 plants. 



e. Practical use of indicator plants. 



5. Stock- water development. 



A . Need for water. 



a. Water requirement of stock. 

 h. Distance different classes of stock should 

 travel for water. 



B. Natural watering places and their improvement. 



C. Artificial watering places and their construction. 



6. Control of erosion. 



A. Damage. 



B. Kinds. 



C. Factors influencing erosion. 



a. Uncontrollable factors — topography; soil 



type; climatic factors. 

 h. Controllable factor — vegetative cover. 



D. Erosion in relation to plant growth and revege- 

 tation. 



a. Comparative plant foods (salts) and forage 

 production in eroded and noneroded soils. 

 h. Revegetation of eroded lands, 

 (i) Time required. 

 (2) Species suited and their forage value. 



E. Solution of the erosion pasture problem. 



a. Control grazing. 



h. Application of deferred and rotation grazing. 

 c. Terracing and planting (in extreme cases 

 only). 



7. Judicious grazing on timberlands. 



A. History of faulty handling of stock on timber 

 reproduction. 



