376 PASTURE MANAGEMENT AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION 



B. Investigations on National Forests. 



a. Northwest (northern California, Oregon, 

 and Washington). 



(i) Sugar pine, Douglas fir, western yel- 

 low pine, incense cedar, etc. 



(A) Extent of injury by different 

 classes of stock. 



(B) Comparative seasonal injury. 



(C) Injury in relation to intensity 

 of grazing and character and 

 abundance of forage. 



b. Idaho. 



(i) Western yellow pine. 



(A) Same as under (A), (B), (C) 

 above. 



c. Arizona and New Mexico. 



(i) Western yellow pine. 



d. Utah. 



(i) Aspen. 



C. Investigations on farm woodlands. 



a. Broadleaves. 



b. Conifers. 



D. Application of investigations. 



a. General. 



(i) Overgrazing and bad handling of 

 stock, improper salting,' etc. 



(2) Moderate, regulated grazing. 



(3) Effect of topography, season of graz- 

 ing, and type and abundance of 

 forage. 



b. Regional. 



(i) Arid Southwest. 



(2) Northwest. 



(3) Great Basin. 



8. Burning of pasture lands in relation to forage pro- 

 duction. 

 A . History of burning. 



