INDEX 



401 



Fir, alpine, type of National Forest 

 range, sheep grazing on, (fig.) 19. 



Fir, Douglas, tj'pe of forest, forage 

 on, 198; damage to, by various 

 agencies, 199; effect of goat grazing, 

 211; for troughs, 300; injury to, by 

 stock, for study in grazing course, 

 .376. 



Fir, grand, for troughs, 300. 



Fir, white, injury to, by various agen- 

 cies, 199. 



Fir-aspen, natural-type unit, study 

 of, in grazing course, 385. 



Fire control, relation to grazing, 27, 

 (fig.) 230; cover of inflammable ma- 

 terial, (fig.) 231. 



Fireweed, on burned-over forest range, 

 46; growth after burning of brush- 

 land, 226. 



First or early weed stage, 108; char- 

 acteristic plants, 115, (fig.) 116; 

 forage value, 115; area surround- 

 ing bed ground, 119, (fig.) 120; 

 indicator plants, 128; for study in 

 grazing course, 375. 



Fishlake National Forest, loss of cat- 

 tle from poisoning, 256. 



Floods, at Ephraim, Utah, 174; of 

 Mississippi River, 174; of Ohio 

 River, 174; on wagon road, (fig.) 

 175; ways of controlling, 194; for 

 study in grazing course, 374. 



Forage, palatabiUty of mature, 75; 

 causes of decline in >deld, 104; 

 damage to timber according to 

 amount of, 201, 203, 204; factor in 

 grazin"- reconnaissance, 311; char- 

 acter of, for study in grazing course, 

 365 ; requirements of stock, for study 

 in grazing course, 371; growth re- 

 quirements, for study in grazing 

 course, 372. 



Forage acre, calculated from field-map 

 data, 320; defined, 325; how de- 

 rived, 325; comparative value of 

 different types, 325; acreage for 

 cattle, 331; for sheep, 333; may 

 be used in mapping sample plots, 

 341; formula for expressing cover 

 in terms of, 347; determining, on 

 protection plots, 356; for study in 

 grazing course, 378, 387. 



Forage crop, depletion of, 104; effect 

 of grazing on, 117; improved meth- 

 ods of harvesting, 307; variation 

 in, for study in grazing course, 386. 



Forage-crop areas, 5; factors that 

 determine, 5. 



Forage plants, moisture requirements, 

 53; seeding to cultivated plants, 



55; introduced from Old World, 

 55; reseeding to native plants, 56; 

 seeded protection strip, (fig.) 57; 

 viabihty of seed, 57; two forms, 

 89; life period, 90; introduced 

 grasses, 132; introduced nongrass- 

 fike herbs, 151; for study in grazing 

 course, 366, 371; creation of new 

 varieties, study of, in grazing course, 

 384- 



Forage production, in early spring, 

 62; results of frequent harvesting, 

 63; effect of frequent cropping, 

 (figs.) 65; by various grazing sys- 

 tems, 72; essentials for, 88; im- 

 provement of, 90; of wheatgrass 

 cover, in; of porcupinegrass-yel- 

 lowbrush cover, 113; of second or 

 late weed stage, 115; of first or 

 early weed cover, 115; on eroded and 

 on noneroded pasture, (fig.) 118; 

 affected by burning, 221; "human" 

 factors, 328; method of determin- 

 ing ma.ximum, 356; variation in, 

 for study in grazing course, 386. 



Forest fires, in Blue Mountains of 

 Oregon, 216, (fig.) 217; history of, 

 216; fire-swept area, (fig.) 218; 

 present-day, 219; beliefs about, 

 220; effect on forage production, 

 221; liabihty of, lessened on Na- 

 tional Forests, 232; grazing tends to 

 minimize, (fig.) 233; three classes 

 of, 233. 



Forest protection, important forestry 

 subject, 390. 



Forest Reserves, authorized, 17. 



Forest Service, area protected b}^, for 

 five years, (fig.) n; seeks to utilize 

 forage crops, 18; control of graz- 

 ing, 20; considers use of range a 

 privilege, 26; functions, 28; permits 

 grazing on National Forest range, 

 198; firing of chaparral lands by, 

 225; basis of grazing reconnaissance 

 used by, 311; provides special scale 

 map, 319; grazing-capacity tests 

 by, 326; forestry courses for those 

 who wish to enter, 390. 



Forest utihzation, important forestry 

 subject, 390. 



Forester, letter to, from Secretary of 

 Agriculture, 18. 



Formula, remedy for larkspur poison- 

 ing, 258; for computing forage 

 acres, 325; for e.xpressing cover in 

 terms of forage acres, 347. 



Fort Valley Forest E.xperiment Sta- 

 tion, range reseeding experiments. 

 41. 



