the horse, to produce this result ? Others 

 again lay all the blame on the horse's shoes, 

 and the farrier is found fault with. 



Those who refer all this trouble to civil- 

 ization, instance the horses of semi-civil- 

 ized people, that are exceptionally hardy, 

 although they receive little care, and a 

 great deal of bad and cruel treatment. 

 Those who put all the blame on the shoes 

 and the farrier, cite these same people in 

 evidence, and because they never shoe 

 their horses, therefore, the argument is, 

 they never get stiff or lame. 



I think I shall be able to show how 

 civilization injures the horse, and at the 

 same time makes shoeing necessary. 



When we inquire into the natural 

 history of the horse, we find that he is. 



