104 LIST OF FISH. 



1. Temera Hardwh kii. 



Temera Hardwickii, Gray, Zool. Misc. 7. Gray Se Hardw. Illustr. 

 102, f. 1. Mull. Sr Henle, Play. 131 . 



Hah. — Penangf. 



a. In spirits. Penang. Presented by Gen. Hardwicke. 



4. The breast-fins cohere jointly to the snout, and their attach- 

 ments reach to the belly -fins. The disk is broad and rhomboidal. 

 The tail is thinner in proportion to the body than the foregoing, the 

 two back-fins are removed quite towards the point ; the termi- 

 nal-fin exists merely as a ledge at the end of the tail, or is en- 

 tirely wanting. The tail is depressed, and has a keel of skin on 

 each side throughout its whole length. The upper eyelid adnate. 

 Eyes and spout-holes separated only by a slender bridge. Spout- 

 holes with smooth edges. The four-sided lappet formed out of the 

 pouting nasal-flap is adnate by its whole under edge to the dental 

 margin of the upper jaw ; only a small part of the under edge re- 

 mains free on each side, which passes into the lateral margin by a 

 rounded angle, and is more or less deeply fringed. On the outer 

 termination of the nostril a small cuticular ledge. Mouth arched 

 forwards, without labial cartilages, teeth pointed or pavement-like, 

 flat, in the males pointed in spawning time. Velum in the upper 

 jaw only, notched in the middle, with a fringed edge. The skin is 

 either smooth, or clothed with small, curved prickles, more or less 

 crowded, and directed backwards ; among which there arise also 

 bigger spines ; the larger spines are most abundant on the ridge of 

 the back and tail, then upon the ridge of the eyes, the keel of the 

 snout, and upon the fore-edge of the breast-fin before the outer 

 corner. In the males, in the spawning season, two sharp spines de- 

 velope themselves on the fore-edge of the breast-fins. The)' are the 

 only spawning Rays. — Rale. 



Raja, Cuv. Rey. An. 2ed. ii. 397. 



Raise, Mull. Sr Henle, May. Nat. Hist. 1838, 90. Playiost. 132. 



Raidae, Trigoninae part, Swains. Cab. Cycl. ii. 319. 



1. RAJA. 



The snout is prolonged into a keel, the inner edges of the breast- 

 fins are parallel to the keel. The interspace between the keel and 

 the inner edges of the breast-fins is cuticular. The belly-fins divide 



