MAACKIA MAGNOLIA 65 



the two are really very different, and Maackia may be distinguished as 

 follows: Wood not brittle; leaf-buds solitary, and not hidden by the base 

 of the leaf-stalk ; leaflets opposite ; flowers densely packed in stiff, more 

 or less erect racemes. M. amurensis is neither so handsome nor so 

 striking as Cladrastis tinctoria, but, unlike it, flowers regularly when even 

 quite small 3 or 4 ft. high. The Japanese form, which appears to attain 

 to Jarger and more tree-like dimensions than the Manchurian one (50 ft. 

 in height and 7 ft. in girth of trunk), is known as var. BUERGERI ; its 

 leaves and young wood are more distinctly downy than in the type. In 

 cultivation neither of them gives promise of making trees. They flower 

 in July and August, and occasionally bear seed. 



M. TASHIROI (Cladrastis Tashiroi, Yatabe), from the Loochoo Islands, 

 appears to be a small form of M. amurensif, always shrubby. It is not in 

 cultivation. 



MACLURA AURANTIACA, Nuttall. OSAGE ORANGE. 



URTICACE^E. 



(Gardeners' Chronicle, 1894, "> fig- 88 ; loxylon pomiferum, Rnfinesque?) 



A deciduous tree, occasionally 40 ft. or more high ; branches armed 

 with spines up to i-J ins. long; young shoots downy, soon becoming 

 smooth. Leaves alternate, ovate or oval to oblong lanceolate ; i \ to 4 ins. 

 long, about half as wide ; pointed, mostly rounded at the base ; dark 

 green and smooth above, paler and downy beneath, especially on the 

 veins and midrib ; stalk | to ij ins. long. Male flowers green, produced 

 in June along with one or two leaves from the joints of the previous 

 year's wood, numerous in a short-stalked roundish cluster ; they are quite 

 inconspicuous, as are also the female ones, borne on separate trees. 

 Fruit like an orange in shape, 2 to 4 ins. across, yellowish green. 



Native of the South and Central United States; introduced in 1818. 

 This tree is remarkable for its large, ornamental, but quite inedible fruits, 

 rarely seen in this country, perhaps because the two sexes are not 

 associated. They are full of a milky juice. In the United States this tree 

 is largely used as a hedge plant, and I have also seen it used for the same 

 purpose in Central Europe. It is an ally of the mulberry, and the only 

 species known. Named in honour of William Maclure, an American 

 geologist. Propagated by layers or root-cuttings, in the absence of seeds. 

 Where only one tree is grown, an endeavour should be made to graft the 

 other sex upon it. 



Var. INERMIS, Andre\ is without spines, and worth noting as being female. 

 Var. PULVERULENTA. Leaves spotted with white ; I only know it as a 

 small plant, but it appears to be of little value. 



MAGNOLIA. MAGNOLIACE^:. 



A genus of deciduous or evergreen trees and shrubs named by 

 Linnaeus in honour of Pierre Magnol, a professor of botany and medicine 



