132 PHELLODENDRON PHILADELPHIA 



japonicum and sachalinense the fruit clusters are distinctly branched and 

 twice as wide.) 



P. SACHALINENSE, Sargent. 



A deciduous tree, with a taller, straighter trunk than either of the preceding 

 species. Leaves 9 to 12 ins. long, with seven to fifteen leaflets, which are 2^ to 

 4| ins. long, taper-pointed, ovate, downy beneath on the midribs, especially 

 towards the base, dull green. Panicles glabrous, 2 to 4 ins. long. Flowers, 

 greenish yellow ; females in. long ; males longer, with protruding stamens. 

 Fruit \ in. diameter, black. 



Native of Japan, Corea, Saghalien ; introduced to the Arnold Arboretum, 

 Mass., in 1877 ; thence to Kew in 1904. It promises from its quick growth and 

 erect habit soon to outstrip the two older species. From japonicum it can be 

 distinguished by its nearly smooth, longer, narrower leaflets, and glabrous 

 inflorescence ; and from P. amurense, which it more closely resembles in 

 foliage, by its dull green leaves, and the brown-red down on the winter buds. 

 Sargent also observes that the bark is thinner, and not corky. 



PHILADELPHUS. MOCK ORANGE, SYRINGA. 



SAXIFRAGACE^. 



A genus of deciduous shrubs most nearly allied to Deutzia, from 

 which they chiefly differ in having four petals and four calyx-lobes, and 

 twenty to forty stamens, whilst in Deutzia the petals and the calyx-lobes 

 are in fives and the stamens ten ; the hairs in Deutzia, too, are stellate, 

 in Philadelphus they are simple. Leaves opposite, stalked, often three- 

 or five-nerved. Flowers often strongly scented, mostly pure white, 

 occasionally yellowish or blotched with purple at the base of the petals. 

 The inflorescence is always terminal, but varies from a solitary flower to 

 a raceme or panicle. Fruit usually four-valved, dry, and woody, splitting 

 lengthwise to liberate the numerous seeds. Flowers are not infrequently 

 seen with the flower-parts in fives. In the majority of species the leaf- 

 buds on the young shoots are completely hidden by the base of the 

 leaf-stalk. . 



Perhaps no genus of shrubs present so many difficulties in the 

 differentiation of its species as this. A few of them are well marked, 

 like microphyllus, with small entire leaves ; hirsutus, with exposed leaf- 

 buds and united stigmas; and mexicanus, with similar leaf-buds but 

 divided stigmas ; but the majority offer no really well-marked characters. 

 The difficulty is further increased by free hybridisation under cultivation, 

 so that now a large proportion' of cultivated plants are not species at all, 

 but garden hybrids. 



These beautiful shrubs, commonly known as "Syringa" a name 

 which properly belongs to the lilacs need no recommendation. They 

 contribute to our gardens their most attractive pictures during June and 

 July, when the great flowering time of shrubs is rapidly waning. They 

 are useful in shrubberies where the vigorous ones can take care of them- 

 selves in competition with most things, and they also make very charming 

 objects isolated on lawns. They grow best in a loamy soil, in a position 

 at least moderately sunny, and are easily increased by cuttings made of 



