186 PINUS 



Native of California ; originally discovered in 1832 at San Luis Obispo, 

 from which it gets its popular name ; introduced by Hartweg in 1846. This 

 remarkable pine bears its cones in whorls of three to seven ; they are 

 deflexed, and the inner or less exposed side being less developed gives 

 them their unsymmetrical shape. They remain on the tree and retain 

 their seed for an indefinite period, at least twenty-five to thirty years, and 

 often until the branch bearing them is 5 or 6 ins. in diameter. This 

 enables the species to survive forest fires, which, although they destroy 

 the old trees, only affect the cones sufficiently to expand the scales and 

 allow the uninjured seed to escape. The tree grows on exposed bluffs and 

 headlands in Monterey and other places along the coast of California, 

 where it is at times drenched with ocean spray. I have a letter from a 

 correspondent in Guernsey, who says that it withstands the salt winds 

 of that island even better than P. radiata (insignis). In such places it will be 

 chiefly valuable as a shelter tree, its timber being inferior ; but it is also 

 handsome, and worth growing for its interest. The finest tree I have seen 

 is at Claremont ; in 1910 this was between 70 and 75 ft. high. Among 

 two-leaved pines with persistent leaf-sheaths this is distinguished by its 

 cylindrical, resin-covered buds and long, deep green leaves. 



P. MURRAYANA, Balfour. LODGE-POLE PINE. 



(P. contorta var. Murrayana, Engelmann?) 



By many authorities this is considered to be no more than a variety of 

 P. contorta, but the aspect of the trees in cultivation is so distinct that the 

 retention of the more convenient specific name seems desirable. P. Murrayana 

 is most conveniently distinguished from contorta by the thin bark of its trunk 

 (rarely more than in. thick), of a pale grey or brown, covered with thin 

 scales, but comparatively smooth ; also by its larger, broader leaves, 2 to 3 ins. 

 long, about ^ in. wide. The tree itself attains to a considerably larger size than 

 P. contorta, and is usually 70 to 80 ft. high. On the Sierra Nevada it becomes 

 100 to 125 ft. high. Whilst P. contorta inhabits the coast region, this is 

 found at elevations of 5000 to 11,000 ft. According to Elwes, there are trees 

 at Westonbirt 59 ft. and 54 ft. high, and I saw one at Bayfordbury a few 

 years ago, 50 ft. high. Introduced in 1854, by Jeffrey. In a small state 

 P. contorta, with its narrower, richer green leaves appears to be usually the 

 handsomer tree. 



These two trees belong to the group of two-leaved pines with persistent 

 leaf-sheaths, and cylindrical, resinous winter buds. Branches alone would be 

 most likely to.be confused with the European P. montana, which has all the 

 characters just mentioned, but whose leaf-sheath is twice or more than twice 

 as long (-1- to f in.). The two are, of course, very different in habit. 



P. PARRYANA, Engelmann. 



(P. quadrifolia, Sudworth.") 



A tree 20 to 40 ft. high ; young shoots slightly downy. Leaves i J to if ins. 

 long, usually in fours, occasionally in fives or threes, mostly falling the 

 third year, finely pointed, sharply triangular in section, white with stomata 

 on the two inner sides, not toothed at the margin ; scales of the leaf-sheath 

 curled back in the form of a rosette. The first year each bundle of leaves 

 keeps almost closed, showing little but the bright green outer side of each 

 leaf. Cones roundish, i^ to 2 ins. wide, with comparatively few scales. Seeds 

 in. long, edible. 



Native of S. California and Lower California ; discovered by Dr Parry, 

 after whom it is named, in 1850. It is one of the group well-marked by their 



