308 QUERCUS 



deeply cut into six to ten oblong lobes at each side, the largest of which are 

 2 ins. deep, and penetrate from half to three-fourths of the distance towards the 

 midrib ; they frequently have two to five rounded teeth on one or both sides. 

 The largest leaves are 6 to 8 ins. long, and 3 to 4^- ins. wide ; the smallest 

 about half those dimensions, all tapering at the base to a short stalk ^ in. or 

 less long, the blade usually prolonged at each side into a pair of short auricles. 

 The upper surface is dark green and soon becomes smooth, the lower one 

 downy, and greyish green. Acorns | to f in. long, scarcely stalked, produced 

 two to four together, the lower half enclosed by the cup, which is clothed 

 outside with flattened downy scales. 



Native of S.E. Europe ; probably introduced about 1837. It is one of the 

 handsomest of all oaks of the sessile-flowered group, and thrives well in 

 cultivation. It is only likely to be confused with Q. macranthera, a species 

 very distinct, nevertheless, in its woolly shoots. Occasional crops of acorns 

 are produced on cultivated trees. 



Q. CUNEATA, Wangenheim. SPANISH OAK. 



(Q. digitata, Sudivorth ; Q. falcata, Michaux.} 



A deciduous tree up to 70 or 80 ft. high in nature ; young shoots and 

 leaves covered with stellate scurf. Leaves obovate, three-lobed with a wedge- 

 shaped base, or more ovate and five- or seven-lobed ; 4 to 7 ins. long, 3^ to 

 5 ins. wide ; the terminal lobe mostly oblong, 2 to 3^ ins. long, the side ones 

 shorter, triangular, or scythe-shapedoften furnished with a few bristle- 

 teeth. The upper surface is dark glossy green, the lower one dull grey and 

 more persistently scurfy ; stalk f to i^- ins. long, slender. Acorns very 

 shortly stalked, about \ in. wide and long, the cup shallow or top-shaped. 



Native of the eastern and south central United States ; introduced in 1763, 

 but extremely rare. It is hardy and quite healthy at Kew, but slow-growing. 

 According to Sargent, the two forms of leaves occur sometimes on the same, 

 sometimes on separate trees ; but I have only seen the three-lobed ones 

 (with the lobes at the terminal part of the leaf) in this country. In this state 

 they are very distinct in the tapered base, and in the scurfy starry down on 

 the various parts. (See Q. marylandica.) It does not colour well in 

 autumn ; usually brown. 



Q. CUSPIDATA, Thunberg. 



In cultivation in Britain this evergreen oak has never got beyond the 

 dimensions of a bushy shrub, but in Japan it is described as a large tree with 

 elegant drooping branches ; young shoots not downy. Leaves oval, broadly 

 tapered at the base, the apex drawn out into a slender blunt tip, leathery ; 

 2 to 3^ ins. long, f to \\ ins. wide; either entire, wavy, or shallowly toothed 

 towards the apex ; stalk \ to \ in. long. The upper surface is dark shining 

 green, the lower one grey and "with a slight metallic sheen. Acorns f to f in. 

 long, f in. wide, tapering to a fine point ; but not yet produced, as far as I 

 am aware, in this country. 



Native of China and Japan ; introduced by Maries for Messrs Veitch in 1879. 

 According to Siebold, acorns were successfully transported by him to Europe 

 in 1830 by encasing them in clay. Although apparently quite hardy near 

 London, it gives no promise of attaining its natural dimensions here, and 

 probably needs a somewhat warmer climate to be seen at its best, but even 

 in its present state it makes an elegant evergreen shrub. It is distinct from 

 all other evergreen oaks with entire or nearly entire leaves of the same size, 

 in the long drawn-out apex and loundish tip of the leaf, and in the absence 

 of down from the shoots. 



