QUERCUS 313 



Van GRAMUNTIA, London (Q. Gramuntia, Linnczus}. Leaves oval to 

 roundish, with slender, spiny teeth, often heart-shaped at the base, up to 

 2 ins. long, short-stalked. It is more stunted in habit. The name is derived 

 from the Grammont estate, near Montpelier, on which the tree originally 

 described by Linnaeus grew. 



Van LATIFOLIA. A large-leaved form like Genabii, the leaves of about 

 the same size, but not so thick and rigid ; toothed towards the apex. 



Other names such as longifolia, macrophylla, rotundifolia, serratifolia, 

 have been given to supposed forms ; but they show no more differences than 

 might be detected in an ordinary batch of seedlings. 



Q. ILICIFOLIA, Wangenheim. BEAR OAK. 



(Q. nana, Sargent ; Q. Banisteri, Michaux.") 



A small deciduous tree up to 20 or 30 ft. high, more frequently a rounded 

 shrub ; young shoots hoary with short down. Leaves 2 to 4 ins. long, i to 2i- 

 ins. wide ; obovate or oval in the main, but deeply three- five- or seven-lobed, 

 the apex and the lobes narrowly triangular, pointed, and terminated by a 

 bristle-like tip ; the base wedge-shaped ; dark glossy green and smooth (or 

 soon becoming so) above, clothed beneath with a close whitish felt ; stalk 

 j- to in. long, slender. Acorns solitary or in pairs, \ in. long, roundish, 

 ripening the second season, the lower half enclosed in a short-stalked cup 

 with thin, flattened, downy scales. 



Native of the eastern United States ; introduced in 1800. A neat-habited 

 and interesting oak, distinguished among the species with similar leaf shape 

 by its small stature and the felted under-surface of its leaves. The freedom 

 with which it bears acorns has led to the suggestion that it may make good 

 pheasant covert. In Messrs Barbier's nursery at Orleans and at Les Barres 

 I have seen it bearing great crops, but it does not produce them so freely in 

 Britain. Its leaves die off scarlet and yellow in America, but are rarely 

 highly coloured with us. 



Q IMBRICARIA, Michaux. SHINGLE OAK. 



A deciduous tree, 50 to 60 ft. high ; young shoots smooth, angled. Leaves 

 narrowly oval or oblong-ovate, 4 to 7 ins. long, i to 3 ins. wide ; tapered at 

 both ends, often blunt at the apex, nearly always entire (rarely three-lobed 

 near the apex) ; dark polished green and smooth above, covered all the 

 season beneath with a short grey starry down ; stalk J to in. long. Acorns 

 solitary, seldom in pairs, J to f in. long, nearly as broad, the shortly-stalked, 

 shallow cup covered with thin flattened scales. 



Native of the south-eastern and central United States ; introduced by 

 John Fraser in 1786. This handsome and striking oak is uncommon in 

 cultivation in spite of its early introduction, but Elwes mentions a tree at 

 Milford, near Godalming, 60 ft. high. It is quite distinct from all other 

 cultivated deciduous oaks in the long, narrow, entire leaves, downy beneath. 



Q. KELLOGGII, Newberry. CALlFORNlAN BLACK OAK. 



(Q. californica, Cooper ; Q. sonomensis, De Candolle.} 



A deciduous tree up to 80 ft. or more high in a wild state, the bark very 

 dark coloured in age, smooth and grey on young trees ; young shoots downy 

 at first. Leaves oval in the main, but cut up into deep lobes after the fashion 

 of Q. coccinea ; the lobes (usually seven or nine) being oblong and furnished 

 with two to four bristle-tipped teeth, the space between the lobes rounded at 

 II X 



