322 QUERCUS 



have not the little lobes or auricles common to pedunculata. Intermediate or 

 hybrid forms occur. 



O. PHELLOS, Linnaus. WILLOW OAK. 



A deciduous tree from 70 to 100 ft. high, forming a rounded or columnar 

 head of branches ; bark smooth, grey ; young shoots and leaves at first 

 downy, then smooth. Leaves pale green, thin, oblong-lanceolate, tapered at 

 the base, mostly pointed at the apex, entire, or slightly wavy on each margin ; 

 2 to 5| ins. long, to I in. wide ; stalk to | in. long, minutely downy or 

 smooth. Acorns (rarely seen on introduced trees) scarcely bigger than a 

 large red currant, and produced in a shallow, saucer-shaped cup. 



Native of the eastern United States ; introduced early in the eighteenth 

 century. It is quite distinct from all other cultivated deciduous oaks in its 

 smooth, narrow, normally untoothed leaves. In a young state it is a very 

 elegant tree. There are several examples from 70 to 100 ft. high in England. 



Q. PHILLYR^OIDES, A. Gray. 



A large evergreen shrub of rounded, bushy habit, or a small tree 20 to 

 30 ft. high ; young shoots clothed with starry scurf. Leaves leathery, obovate 

 or oval, heart-shaped or rounded at the base, tapering at the apex to a 

 blunt or rounded tip, shallowly and usually bluntly toothed at the upper half ; 

 \\ to i\ ins. long, f to \\ ins. wide, bright dark green above and smooth 

 except on the midrib ; paler and also glossy beneath ; stalk in. or less long, 

 clothed with stellate scurfy down, which extends along the lower part of the 

 midrib. Acorn \ to f in. long, formed but rarely developed in this country. 



Native of China and Japan ; introduced in 1861 by Richard Oldham when 

 collecting for Kew. The largest specimen at Kew is about 16 ft. high and 

 through a handsome cheerful bush, well clothed to the ground with shining 

 foliage. It is remarkable that this oak is not better known in gardens. 

 From the rest of the evergreen oaks it can be distinguished by the bright 

 gre'en, nearly smooth surfaces of its leaves, combined with an absence of 

 spine-tipped teeth. 



Q. PONTICA, Koch. ARMENIAN OAK. 



A low deciduous tree or shrub, probably under 20 ft. high ; young shoots 

 smooth, stout, strongly ribbed. Leaves oval or obovate, broadly tapered at the 

 base, rather abruptly pointed ; sharply, coarsely, and unequally toothed ; 

 4 to 63- ins. long, if to 3^ ins. wide ; slightly glossy, smooth, green with a 

 yellow midrib above ; glaucous beneath and hairy along the midrib and chief 

 veins. When young there are also appressed hairs over the whole lower 

 surface. The leaf is strongly marked by (usually) sixteen or seventeen ribs 

 running out from the midrib to the points of t*he teeth at an angle of about 

 45 ; stalk \ to \ in. long, at first slightly hairy, yellow. 



Native of N.E. Armenia and the Caucasus ; introduced to Germany by 

 Dr Dieck of Zoeschen, about 1885, but not to England until considerably 

 later ; there appears to be none but small plants in the country at present. 

 It is a very striking oak, its strongly ribbed leaves sometimes as much as 

 8 ins. long by 4 ins. wide. The shoots form conspicuously large terminal buds, 

 whose slender scales are clothed with silky hairs. Very well worth planting. 



Q. PRINOIDES, Willdenow. CHINQUAPIN, SCRUB OAK. 



A deciduous shrub, spreading by means of root-suckers, and forming dense 

 thickets; young shoots ribbed, not downy. Leaves obovate, tapered at the base, 



