ROSA 427 



R. GALLICA, Linnaus. FRENCH ROSE. 



A bush 3 or 4 ft. high, with creeping roots and erect stems, armed with 

 small, slender prickles, mostly ^ to \ in. long, the larger ones slightly 

 decurved. Leaves of firm texture, composed of five or seven leaflets, which are 

 oval or ovate, rounded or blunt-pointed at the end ; i to 3 ins. long, \ to i^ ins. 

 wide ; simply toothed and glandular on the margins ; smooth, dark green 

 above, paler and downy beneath. Flowers usually solitary, sometimes in 

 pairs or threes, dark red, 2 to 2^ ins. across, each onan erect, stiff stalk, 

 densely covered with small prickles and glandular bristles. Sepals spreading, 

 ovate-lanceolate, pinnately lobed, very glandular on the back and margins. 

 Fruit roundish or pear-shaped, \ to \ in. wide, dark dull red, with the sepals 

 fallen away. 



Native of Central and S.E. Europe ; cultivated from time immemorial. 

 This species is the chief source of the most cherished of garden roses, and 

 through the damask rose of which it is supposed to be be a parent is one 

 of the chief sources from which the " hybrid perpetual " roses have been 

 derived. It has hybridised with numerous other species and varieties of 

 rose, but a discussion of the progeny belongs rather to a work on roses alone 

 than to he present one. The cabbage rose, R. centifolia (q.v.} is sometimes 

 reduced to a variety of gallica. The' following are a few of the more important 

 crosses : 



Gallica x moschata R. Dupontii (y.v.) 



x setigera = Prairie roses. 



,, x arvensis = R. geminata. 



x indica Bourbon roses. 



x canina R. macrantha (g.v.) 



R. GLUTINOSA, Sib thorp. 



A shrub of dwarf, compact, bushy habit, whose stems are copiously 

 furnished with stiff, whitish, straight or decurved spines up to in. long, 

 intermixed with which are numerous small needle-like prickles and glandular 

 bristles. Leaves i^ to 3 ins. long, composed of from five to nine leaflets, 

 which are oval or obovate to roundish, to i in. long, doubly toothed except 

 at the base, hairy and glandular on both surfaces ; stipules with unattached 

 triangular points, very glandular, as in the common stalk. Flowers white, 

 i to i^ ins. across, usually in pairs or solitary ; stalk to i in. long and, like 

 the calyx-tube and outside the sepals, densely glandular-bristly ; sepals 

 ^ to | in. long, the larger ones pinnately lobed, woolly within. Fruit roundish 

 or egg-shaped, i in. wide, very bristly, dark red, crowned with persistent 

 sepals. 



Native of S.E. Europe, Persia, and Asia Minor. It is remarkable for its 

 excessive covering of glandular hairs or bristles, more marked even than in 

 its near ally, R. ferox, from which it differs also in having downy styles 

 and persistent sepals on the fruit. From R. sicula, another ally (which has 

 persistent sepals), it is easily distinguished by its glandular-bristly young 

 wood and fruits. 



R. GYMNOCARPA, NuttalL 



A shrub said to become occasionally 10 ft. high in a wild state, but scarcely 

 half that height as represented by plants in cultivation ; stems slender, with 

 straight, scattered, slender prickles, or sometimes nearly or quite unarmed. 

 Leaves \\ to 3 ins. long ; stipules edged with glands ; stalk glandular and 

 slightly prickly. Leaflets five to nine (mostly seven), usually from \ to f in. 

 long, narrowly oval and pointed to almost round, doubly-toothed, smooth. 

 Flowers rosy, i to i \ ms - across, usually one to three in a cluster ; stalks 



