432 ROSA 



a true native. From its nearest allies rubiginosa and micrantha it is 

 readily distinguished by the absence of the fine bristles on the stem. 



R. L/EVIGATA, Michaux. CHEROKEE ROSE. 

 (R. sinica, Alton, Bot. Mag., t. 2847 ; R. ternata, Poiret.) 



A climbing shrub, growing over the branches of trees in a wild state ; its 

 stems armed with hooked spines. Leaves three-foliolate, brilliantly glossy 

 green, and quite smooth ; leaflets shortly stalked, oval or ovate, simply toothed, 

 i to 4 ins. long, half as wide, of thick, firm texture. Flowers 3 to 6 ins. 

 across, pure white, fragrant, solitary, and borne on a very bristly stalk ; 

 sepals stout, i in. or more long, with leafy tips and more or less bristly. 

 Fruit red, f in. wide, somewhat longer, thickly set with bristles in. long, 

 the sepals persisting at the topi for a long time. 



Native of China, but long naturalised in the southern United States, and 

 first named in 1803 from specimens collected in Georgia by Pursh, the 

 American botanist. How it reached America from China does not appear 

 to be known, but it was in cultivation in Georgia in 1780. Afterwards it 

 received a multitude of names, the best known of which was " sinica." 

 Perhaps the most beautiful of all single wild roses when seen at its best, it 

 is, unfortunately, too tender for the open air, except in such places as Cornwall. 

 Elsewhere it can only succeed in exceptionally sheltered sunny corners. A 

 cross between this species and some other rose (perhaps a form of indica) 

 is called "Anemone." This is hardy on a wall, and bears several large, lovely, 

 blush-coloured flowers in a cluster. 



R. LUTEA, Miller. AUSTRIAN BRIAR. 



(Bot. Mag., t. 363 ; R. Eglanteria, Linnaus.) 



A shrub 3 to 5 ft. high, with erect or arching stems, not bristly, but 

 furnished with numerous slender prickles, the largest ^ in. long. Leaflets five, 

 seven, or nine, oval or obovate, f to i| ins. long, half or more than half as 

 wide ; doubly toothed ; dark green and smooth, or with scattered hairs above ; 

 more or less downy and glandular beneath, like the common stalk and stipules. 

 Flowers deep yellow, 2 to 3 ins. across, usually solitary ; calyx and flower-stalk 

 smooth ; sepals f to I in. long, downy inside, lanceolate, with expanded leaf- 

 like tips, which are sometimes coarsely toothed. Fruit rarely seen, but 

 described as globose, red, and \ in. diameter. 



The "Austrian" briar has been known in gardens for between three 

 hundred and four hundred years, and differs from the Scotch rose in having 

 no bristles (as distinct from spines) on the stems. It does not appear to be 

 a genuine native of any part of Europe, but occurs wild from Asia Minor 

 eastwards through Persia to Afghanistan, also in the dry N.W. Himalaya 

 and in Turkestan. It is essentially a sun-loving plant, inhabiting regions 

 with a hot, often arid summer. It thrives, nevertheless, in many parts of 

 S. England, but not in or near London. I believe it is a lime-loving rose, 

 and in places where it is found not to succeed, would advise the addition of 

 lime to the soil if it be not naturally present. The most striking of its 

 varieties is 



Var. PUNICEA, Keller (R. punicea, Miller; R. lutea var. bicolor, Bot. 

 Mag., t. 1077). Austrian Copper Rose. This singularly and beautifully 

 coloured rose has petals of a coppery red. In other respects it is similar to 

 lutea ; in fact, yellow flowers frequently appear on some of its branches. It 

 .appears to be even less amenable to the London atmosphere than R. lutea. 



