440 ROSA 



five, seven, or nine, ovate or roundish, doubly toothed, nearly or quite without 

 down above, but covered beneath with sweet-smelling glands. Flowers pale 

 p ink, i^. ins. in diameter, produced singly, in threes or sevens or more 

 to gether ; flower-stalk and sepals bristly. Fruit bright red, egg-shaped, 

 crowned with the spreading sepals. 



Native of Europe, and with the dog rose one of the summer delights of 

 English hedgerows. It is not so strong a grower as R. canina, has smaller 

 leaves, and is always distinguished by the sweet fragrance of its leaves. 

 On this account, and unlike the dog rose, it may well be grown in gardens. 

 It makes a charming low hedge clipped back annually before growth re- 

 commences in spring. The fragrance is most perceptible after a shower, and 

 whenever the atmosphere is fresh and moist. 



Var. MAJOR has leaves about twice the size of ordinary rubiginosa, 1 and 

 more coarsely toothed. 



The sweet-briar is one of the parents of a beautiful group of garden roses 

 known as " Penzance " briars, which were raised by the late Lord Penzance 

 from 1884 onwards, by fertilising the flowers of this species with various 

 other species and garden varieties. The most distinct and pleasing of these 

 are the ones issuing from rubiginosa crossed with the yellow and copper- 

 coloured forms af R. lutea. 



R. MICRANTHA, Smith. A British rose common in the south of England ; 

 it differs from R. rubiginosa in the following respects : A somewhat stronger 

 shrub whose stems are not so well furnished with spines ; leaves not so 

 strongly scented, flowers smaller ; the style, downy in rubiginosa, is smooth ; 

 sepals falling away from the fruit sooner. Of little value in gardens. 



R. RUBRIFOLIA, Villars. 

 (Bot. Reg., t. 430 ; R. ferruginea, Villars?) 



A shrub of erect habit, 5 to 7 ft. high, whose stems are covered with a 

 purplish bloom, and armed with small decurved prickles. Leaflets five or 

 seven, ovate or oval, i to i^ ins. long, simply toothed, quite smooth on both 

 surfaces, of a beautiful purplish red, glaucous hue. Flowers deep red, \\ ins. 

 across, few in a cluster ; stalk naked or with a few bristles ; sepals narrow, 

 downy inside, entire or occasionally lobed, i in. or more long, standing out 

 beyond the petals. Fruit red, globose or nearly so, in. or rather more 

 long, smooth, and with the sepals fallen away. 



Native of Central Europe, especially the Alps and Pyrenees and other 

 mountainous regions. It is nearly allied to R. canina, but is easily dis- 

 tinguished by the beautiful reddish colour of leaf and young stem, and by 

 the longer sepals. Its colour makes it not only one of the most striking of 

 roses, but also the most ornamental in vegetative (as distinct from floral) 

 characters. Planted in groups it makes a telling feature in the landscape 

 the summer through. The name must not be confounded with " rubifolia," 

 a disused one for the North American R. setigera. 



R. RUGOSA, Thunberg. RAMAN AS ROSE. 



(R. ferox, Lawrance (not Biebersteiri) ; Bot. Reg., t. 420.) 



A shrub 4 to 6 ft. high, and one of the sturdiest of roses. Stems stout, 

 densely covered with prickles of unequal size, the largest \ to \ in. long ; 

 they, as well as the stem itself, downy. Leaves 3 to 7 ins. long, with large 

 downy stipules ; leaflets five to nine, o.blong, I to 2 ins. long, shallovvly toothed 

 except towards the base, downy beneath, the very conspicuous veins giving 

 them the wrinkled appearance to which the specific name refers j common 



