620 ULMUS 



on very short stalks, and in clusters. Fruit circular or rather obovate, 

 deeply notched at the top, ^ in. across, the seed about the middle. 



Native of N. Asia, from E. Siberia to N. China. It has been confused 

 in gardens with U. parviflora (g.v.}. Under the name of 



leaved elm was sent out from the Zoeschen Arboretum about twenty years 

 ago. The more downy branchlets are arranged in two opposite rows 

 (distichously), and the leaves are longer-pointed, but otherwise very similar 

 to U. pumila. It flowers in spring. Introduced from W. Siberia and 

 Turkestan. 



U. RACEMOSA, Thomas. ROCK ELM. 



(U. Thomasii, Sargent.") 



A tree 80 to 100 ft. high, with a trunk up to 3 ft. in diameter, supporting 

 a narrow roundish head of branches. In a young state the trees are 

 pyramidal; winter buds and young shoots downy. Leaves oval to obovate, 

 with an abrupt, slender point and an unequal, oblique base ; 2 to 4^ ins. 

 long, ij to 2| ins. wide; doubly toothed, smooth, dark glossy green above, 

 downy beneath; side veins in often over twenty pairs ; stalk up to J in. 

 long, sometimes partially covered by the overlapping bases, of the blade. 

 Flowers in racemes i to 2 ins. long. Fruit oval, | to f in. long, downy 

 all over as well as on the .thickened margins, with a slight open notch at 

 the apex; the two points erect. 



Native of Eastern N. America, where it produces a valuable timber. 

 I know of no fine tree in this country, although there are small ones at Kew. 

 It is slow-growing, even in the Arnold Arboretum, Mass., where there is an 

 interesting group of very characteristic young trees. Its distinctive points 

 are its large downy winter-buds, J or ^ in. long, its racemose inflorescence, 

 and shallowly notched, hairy fruits. 



U. STRICTA, Lindley. CORNISH ELM. 



(U. nitens var. stricta, Aiton ; U. cornubiensis, //<?;-/.) 



A tree 80 to 100 ft. high, of slender, tapering, or columnar form, young 

 shoots more or less downy. Leaves very like those of U. nitens but smaller, 

 being 2 to 2^- ins. long, i to ij ins. wide, broadly obovate or oval; dark 

 green, smooth and glossy above, paler beneath, with conspicuous tufts of 

 down in the axils of the veins ; doubly toothed ; veins in about twelve 

 pairs; stalk J in. long, downy. Fruit like that of U. nitens but narrower, 

 | in. long, and f in. wide, carrying the seed near the notch at the apex. 



Native of Cornwall, Devon, and Somerset in England, and of Brittany in 

 France. This elm produces suckers freely, but does not often bear perfect 

 fruit. 



Var. WHEATLEYI (U. sarniensis, Loddiges). Guernsey or Jersey Elm. 

 This is very closely allied to the Cornish elm, of which Henry regards it as 

 probably a seedling. Its branches are more stiffly erect, and the tree more 

 tapered, the leaves are proportionately broader and less conspicuously 

 downy in the vein-axils beneath. Fruit as in U. nitens. (See plate, 

 vol. i., p. 86.) 



Both these elms, but especially the latter, are admirable for street planting, 

 retaining without artificial aid the slender, tapering form essential for trees 

 planted in all but the widest streets of town. They are immediate allies of 

 U. nitens. A yellow-leaved form of the Jersey elm originated in the 

 nurseries o Messrs Dickson at Chester in 1900. 



