642 VIBURNUM 



divergent, slender points, all coarsely toothed; ij? to 4 ins. long and about 

 the same wide; rounded or heart-shaped at the base, with scattered down 

 above, softly downy (especially at first) and covered with black dots beneath; 

 stalk | to i in. long, downy. Flowers white, ^ in. diameter, uniform and 

 all fertile, produced during June in terminal, long-stalked cymes 2 to 3 ins. 

 across. Fruits first red, then purple-black, oval, ^ in. long. 



Native of Eastern N. America; introduced in 1736. Although one of 

 the earliest introduced of American Viburnums this is now very scarce in 

 gardens; it has little beauty of flower, but is attractive in autumn for its 

 crimson foliage. I have seen it growing along the roadsides in New 

 Hampshire just as V. Opulus does at home, but never so vigorous a shrub. 



V. PAUCIFLORUM, Pylaie, resembles the above in the often three-lobed 

 and palmately veined leaves, and in all the flowers of the cyme being 

 perfect. It differs from it in the nearly smooth leaves and in the bright 

 red (not finally black) fruits. It is a dwarf shrub 2 to 4 ft. high, the cymes 

 small, about i in. across, borne on short, two-leaved lateral twigs. Widely 

 spread over the high latitudes of N. America from Labrador to Alaska, 

 found also in mountainous regions farther south. Of little garden value 

 and rarely seen, 



V. ORIENTALE, Pallas, native of the Western Caucasus and Asia Minor, 

 is also closely allied to V. acerifolium, but can always be distinguished by 

 the absence of the minute black dots beneath the leaf so characteristic of 

 the American species. It is not so downy, the hairs beneath 'being almost 

 confined to the vein-axils; otherwise very similar. Rare in gardens. 



V. ALNIFOLIUM, Marshall HOBBLE BUSH. 



(V. lantanoides, Michaux.) 



A strong-growing, rather coarse-habited, deciduous shrub, 6 to 10 ft. 

 high; the central shoots erect, the lower ones spreading, often prostrate; 

 young bark covered with a thick scurfy down. Leaves in distant pairs, 

 broadly ovate to roundish, the points short and abrupt, the base heart- 

 shaped ; margins irregularly toothed ; 4 to 8 ins. long, nearly as broad; 

 upper surface dark green, at first downy, but becoming smooth; lower surface 

 with much stellate down on the midrib and veins, especially when young; 

 stalk i to 2^ ins. long, scurfy downy. Flowers white, produced in stalkless 

 cymes with usually five divisions, and 3 to 5 ins. across; marginal flowers 

 sterile, and f to i in. across; central ones perfect and much smaller. Fruit 

 red, turning black-purple, ^ in. long. 



Native of Eastern N. America; introduced in 1820. This, perhaps the 

 most striking of the Lantana group, is rarely seen in our gardens, where it 

 does not seem to thrive. The best plants I have seen in Europe were in 

 Mr Hesse's nursery at Weener, in Hanover. Mr Hesse is of opinion that 

 it needs shade and abundant moisture, and I have also seen it in New 

 England in positions that support that opinion, although not invariably so. 

 It is very distinct in its large leaves, which turn deep red in autumn; and from 

 our native V. Lantana is well distinguished in having large, sterile marginal 

 flowers. The popular name refers to its prostrate lower branches, which 

 often take root and trip up the unwary traveller through its native haunts. 

 The venation of the leaves is handsome; the primary veins branch on the 

 lower side only, and are connected by thin parallel nerves almost at right 

 angles. The nearest ally in cultivation to this species is 



V. FURCATUM, Blume, a native of Japan and China. This also has the 

 showy sterile marginal flowers, but its stems are more uniformly erect. It 

 differs also in the shorter stamens, which are only half the length of the 

 corolla, and in the shape of the furrow in the seed. It succeeds in gardens 



