VITIS WISTARIA 679 



that name, although the two were not separated specifically until 1894. It 

 is very widely spread over N. America in its various forms, but the type 

 appears to be East N. American. The best and most obvious distinction 

 between it and the true V. quinquefolia is in the absence of disks at the end 

 of the tendrils, on account of which it is unable to attach itself to flat 

 surfaces. It supports itself, as most vines do, by twining its tendrils round 

 whatever is available. It is useful for covering arbours and flattish surfaces 

 generally; trained along a rafter or similar horizontal support it will send 

 down a thick curtain of branches. It has the same five, obovate-lanceolate 

 leaflets radiating from the end of a long, slender common stalk as in 

 V. quinquefolia, but it differs in their being larger, greener beneath, brighter 

 green above, and in the deeper, sharper teeth; the inflorescence is cymose 

 and flatter. The leaves turn red in autumn. Where a self-supporting 

 climber is not needed it is the better and more handsome vine. Cultivated in 

 1824, when it was believed to be of Brazilian origin (see Bot. Mag.^ t. 2443). 



Var. LACINIATA (V. quinquefolia var. incisa of gardens). Leaves very 

 deeply, sometimes doubly toothed, some of the teeth being ^ in. deep, with 

 a roughness on the surface due to scattered minute hairs; the main-stalk of 

 the leaf and the stalks of the leaflets are both longer than in the type. The 

 variety is found wild in the western and south-western United States. 



Var. MACROPHYLLA (V. quinquefolia var. major of gardens). Leaflets 

 very large, 6 or 8 ins. long and 3 to 4^ ins. wide. 



V. VULPINA, Linnceus, RiVERBANK GRAPE. 



(V. riparia, Michaux ; V. odoratissima, Donn.~) 



A vigorous, deciduous, scrambling bush or climber with smooth young 

 shoots. Leaves thin, 3 to 8 ins. wide, usually somewhat longer, broadly 

 heart-shaped, with a finely tapered point and coarse, triangular, unequal 

 teeth; usually more or less three-lobed; shining green on both surfaces, 

 downy on the veins beneath; stalk from half to quite as long as the blade. 

 Flowers sweetly scented like mignonette, produced in panicles 3 to 8 ins. 

 long. Berries globose, in. diameter, black-purple, covered thickly with 

 blue bloom. 



Native of Eastern N. America from New Brunswick to the southern United 

 States; introduced in 1806. The name vulpina has been' wrongly applied 

 to V. rotundifolia, the " Southern fox grape " (g.v.\ a very well-marked vine 

 with unforked tendrils and close bark. The riverbank grape is really most 

 closely allied to V. cordifolia, and both have a tendril missing from every 

 third joint, but the present species differs in its more commonly three-lobed 

 leaves with larger more persistent stipules, and in its blue-bloomed fruits. 

 It is worth growing for its vigorous, leafy habit and sweet-scented flowers. 

 It strikes very readily from cuttings and has, in consequence, been much 

 used as a phylloxera-proof stock on which the wine-producing vines of 

 France have been grafted. 



V. PALMATA, Vahl, is nearly related to V. vulpina, and is a native of the 

 south central United States, where it is known as the " Cat or Red grape." 

 It has smooth, bright red young branches and leaf-stalks, three- or five-lobed 

 leaves, the lobes long and slenderly pointed. Berries black, without bloom. 



WISTARIA. LEGUMINOS^E. 



A small genus of exceedingly ornamental climbers, represented in 

 the eastern United States and in N.E. Asia. The leaves are alternate, 



