OR, A TREATISE ON PILE. 29 



pluck out one of his own or his neighbor's hairs and to find it agree, in every particular, 

 with our description or drawing ; for pile, from the same region of different individuals, 

 and even from the same individual, varies like leaves from the same species of tree or 

 same tree. 



1. Of the Hairs of the Pavilion of the External Ear and its Button. This pavilion is 

 fibro-cartilaginous, thin and expanded. It has five eminences and three depressions, which 

 are described in Dungl. Hum. Physi., 1 v., p. 147-8. The hairs upon these parts differ 

 somewhat one from another ; they vary in length, from three to five-quarters of an inch. 

 Shape, cylindroidal ; diameter, from T ^ to ^ T of an inch, different specimens. Button, some- 

 times club-shaped, at others amorphous ; length of one of the latter -fo of an inch ; 

 diameter, T |^ ; that of the shaft being ^-5- ; shaft, transversely striated ; intermediate fibres, 

 white, opaqiie, lustrous, easily separated ; one of them measured j^V^ of an inch ; apex, 

 pointed ; diameter, ^^\ T7 of an inch ; none furcated. These hairs are tough. 



Fig 24, Nos. 1 and 2, represent two of these hairs from a tuft that surrounded the meatus 

 auditorius externus. 



2. Of the Hair of the Eye-Brows, (super cilium,) audits Button. Goldsmith remarks 

 that next to the eyes, the features which give a character to the face, are the eye-brows. 

 And Le Brun, in giving a painter directions in regard to delineating the passions, places 

 the principle expression of the face on the eye-brows. The Chinese bestow great atten- 

 tion to these hairs. 



They are in length from a half to a whole inch, and sometimes even longer. Inclination, 

 towards the outer angle of the eye. The hairs of the eye-brows of Prof. James McClin- 

 tock, M. D., measure one inch and ^ ; have a diameter of T ^ of an inch ; are angular, 

 curved ; light brown colored at the posterior extremity, and light at the apex. This pile 

 has generally a diameter of about -ig- of an inch. Fig. 25, No. 1, represents one of these 

 hairs and buttons, drawn from the brow of a very fat person, where a is a part of the 

 shaft, b the button, c a part of the follicle, and d a part of the tissue disrupted and drawn 

 out with the hair. 



Vidal (Traitee de Path., v. 3, p. 579,) says that persons have been known who never 

 had any eye-brows, but we have not witnessed this phenomenon. 



3. Of the Eye-Lashes or Hairs of the Eye-Lids, (cilium,) and their Buttons. Anciently 

 the word cilium was applied to the utmost edge of the eye-lid, and the hair issuing 

 therefrom. (See Plin. 2 Gels.) It is now confined to the hair. 



It is said that persons have existed who had a double row of eye-lashes, which, in 

 Burk's Greek derivative dictionary, is called "dystichia;" from "duo," two, and "stikos" 

 a row. But we have not seen any such persons. According to Goldsmith, man and apes 

 are the only animals who have eye-lashes upon both the upper and lower lids of the eye. 

 The eye-lashes of the Rhea, or American Ostrich, referred to in Goodrich's Geography, 

 p. 444, are feathers. (See Ante., Chapter 1.) It is generally thought that eye-lashes 

 contribute to the expression of the eye, particularly when they are long, close and black. 

 They have the greatest diameter near the centre, tapering both ways, which forms, of 

 each particular hair, a bow. This simple, but beautiful arrangement of these hairs is the 



