OR, A TREATISE ON PILE. 39 



With 320 grains it stretched J-g- of an inch, minus ^ 



o30 (J| y ,,,, 



" 340 " ^ 11 



" 350 " " I-; " " ft 



' 360 " " ff " " f# 



u oyn <. (i :i : " so. 



' u 90 9~ 



" '3WO " " 4 " " n 8 



0U y 



H'J I ii A ~> " < ! 5 



4bU ,, U 



" 4-Sfl " " r ' " " 4 " 



~~5 90 



" 490 " 



OF THE PAVED CORTEX OF THE ELK. (See fig. 44.) Of the Hairs of the Elk, or 

 Moose Deer. (C. alces.) Specimen from the Zoological Institute, of Philadelphia. The 

 Elk has three varieties of pile: 1st. The Hairs of the Breast. Length, 6 to 65 inches; 

 diameter, from -J^- to T |^ths of an inch; undulated; highest waves in the centre of the 

 stalk; number of waves, 25; flexibility, feeble; when bent forms a right angle, and 

 remains in that position; button, spindle-shaped, succeeded by a tapering neck; both 

 transparent ; shaft, opaque, commencing at the inferior extremity with light stone color, 

 which, after continuing for an inch, becomes light brown, gradually darker to the apex; 

 cortex, paved; compressed pentagons, of a light shade, with darker interstices; apex, 

 pointed. 



2d. Hairs of the Body. Length, 2 inches; diameter, J T of an inch to -j^ of an inch; 

 undulated ; color, white, opaque, passing into stone-color, and ending, at the apex, in light 

 brown; flexibility, feeble; when bent forms a right angle, and remains in that position; 

 button, spindle-shaped, succeeded by a narrow neck, both of which are transparent; cortex, 

 paved ; compressed pentagons, with interstices of a darker shade. 



Sometimes the coloring matter may be seen through the cortex, but it is not in a central 

 canal, but in confused masses of various shades. 



The wool of this pile seems to be formed of distinct sections ; apex, pointed. 



Ductility, Elasticity and Tenacity. It took 270 grains to deprive it of its undulation. 

 With 670 grains it stretched -J^th of an inch, elasticity entire. 

 " 840 " " 2 " " 



870 " " / tf " " 



970 " " -g-% " " 



" 1,170 " broke. 



This hair is, by this experiment, much changed in shape. 



THE PILE OF THE DICRANOCERUS AMERICANUS, ROCKY MOUNTAIN, AMERICAN, OR LONG- 

 HORNED ANTELOPE. Specimen presented by Prof Samuel S. Haldeman. 



Hair of the Flank. Length, about 3 inches; shape, imperfect, oval* ; color, white; 



* Care must be taken in fixing this hair so as to cut a perfect disk, as the filament is so flexible that it can be pressed 

 into artificial shapes. 



10 



