248 SABELLARIADiE. 



1 . S. anglica, opercular disk with three rows of dissimilar paleae, 

 the exterior palmate, with five to seven smooth digitations, the 

 central not disproportionably elongate. — Tubes massive, irregular, 

 formed of coarse sand, and cemented together by similar sand in 

 the interspaces. 



Tubularia arenosa anglica, Ellis, Corall. 90. pi. 36. 



Tubipora arenosa, Linn. Syst. x. 7^0. 



Sabella alveolata, Linn. Syst. xii. 1268. Williams in Ann. Sj- Mag. 



Nat. Hist. ser. 2. xii. 396; Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1851, 186. 

 Amphitrite alveolata, Cuv. Regn. Anim. iii. 195; lllustr. edit. Annel. 



26. pi. 6. f. 2. 

 Amphitrite ostrearia, Cuv. Regn. Anim. iii. 196. 

 Sabellaria alveolata. Lam. Anim. s. Vert. v. 352; 2de edit. v. 605. 



Blainville in Diet, des Sc. nat. ivii. 435, Atlas, pi. fig. 1. Stark, 



Elem. ii. 133. Templeton in Loud. Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 234. 

 Hermella alveolata, Quatrefages in Ann. des Sc. nat. x. 14 (1848). 

 Sabellaria anglica, Gruhe, Fam. Annel. 84. 

 Sabella alveolaria, Dalyell, Paw. Great, ii. 175. pi. 25. f. 1-3. 



Hab. Near low-water-mark, and vrithin it, at the roots of the large 

 Laminarise, and on shells and stones. 



Obs. The tubes of this species form irregular masses, generally 

 impacted amidst the branching roots of the large Laminariae, or 

 heaped on old shells and stones from the coralline region. The 

 size of a mass cannot be ascertained, for it has no definite limits ; 

 and sometimes the tubes are single and separate * . They are formed 

 of coarse sand and comminuted shells cemented together; but in 

 general the mass is not so firm but that it is easily broken up by the 

 fingers. As Ellis says, it is ** of a dark sandy colour, brittle texture, 

 rather light than heavy, porous on all sides, but on some distin- 

 guished by peculiar apertures." The tubes are irregularly mixed, 

 usually somewhat flexuose, about an inch or an inch and a half in 

 length ; not in close apposition, and the spaces between are filled 

 with sand of the same kind as that of which the walls of the tubes 

 are constructed. The aperture is circular and even, sensibly ex- 

 panded, and often tinged with purple. " These tubes, as hath been 

 observed above, are not of the same dimensions, nor always straight : 

 but in this they all agree, that their bottoms are closed up, the 

 animals filling up behind, as they advance forward, by a constant 

 apposition of sandy particles, united together by a glutinous matter 

 issuing from them." — Ellis. 



Sir J. G. Dalyell has given the following interesting account of 

 the species : — " This is a timid, lively, active creature, whose most 

 prominent property is constructing itself an artificial dwelling of the 

 grains of comminuted sand, intermingled with shelly fragments, or 

 other indurated substances. But there seems a great difference in 

 the solidity of the dwelling according to the position of the tube, or 



* " II ne faut cependant pas croire que la premiere forme tcujours par la 

 reunion de ses tubes des masses plus ou moins considerables ; car nous avons 

 trouve souvent des individiis solitaires dans les divisions radiciformes des fucus de 

 nos cotes." — Blainville. 



