26 SPRING FLOWERS. 



Monochlamyds : Perianth single {i. e. consisting of a calyx 

 only) , or altogether wanting, and replaced by scaly bracts ; 

 Orders 31 to 40. 



* Stamens and pistils combined in the same flower. 

 t Stamens perigynous. 



31. Thymelaceous plants — shrubs; perianth coloured; carpels 



solitary, simple, hecoming a berry or drupe. 



32. Ulmaceous plants — trees; carpels blended into a two- 



celled ovary, hecoming a membranaceous winged fruit. 



tt Stamens epigynous. 



33. Aristolochiaceous plants — herbs; perianth coloured, supe- 



rior ; stamens inserted on the perianth. 



** Flowers diclinous, i. e. the staminate and pistillate ones 

 separate. 



f Flowers having a calyx (i. e. monochlamydeous) . 



34. Elseagnaceous plants — shrubs or small trees with scurfy 



leaves ; carpels solitary, simple. 



35. Euphorbiaceous plants — herbs or shrubs ; carpels combined 



into a three-celled ovary, each cell containing one or two 

 pendulous ovules. 



36. Empetraceous plants — small shruhs ; carpels combined into 



a 6-9-celled ovary, each cell containing one erect ovule. 



ft Flowers nahed, the calyx being replaced by scaly bracts 

 (i.e. achlamydeous) . 



37. Amentaceous plants — trees or shrubs; carpels superior, 



naked. 



38. Corylaceous plants — trees or shrubs ; carpels inferior, seated 



in an involucre (cupuliferous) . 



39. Coniferous plants — trees or shrubs, with resinous acerose 



persistent leaves; ovules naked, becoming nuts enclosed 

 within the hardened scales of a woody cone. 



