230 SUMMER FLOWERS. 



the short branches; petals small, narrow, whitish; fruit red, 

 separating from the receptacle when ripe. — Raspberry. — 

 Thickets and woods. Fl. June. 



R. fruticosus: stems biennial, or of few years' duration, 

 erect, or more frequently arched straggling or prostrate, 

 armed with prickles stiff hairs or glandular bristles; leaves 

 digitate, the leaflets 3-5, rather large, coarse, ovate, toothed, 

 the midribs and stalks armed with hooked prickles; flowers 

 white or pink, in panicles at the ends of the branches; 

 fruit black, or dull-red. — Bramble, or Blackberry. — Hedges, 

 thickets, woods, and waste places. Fl. June and July. 



A large number of Brambles, often considered as species, 

 occur in Britain, but for these we must refer to more technical 

 books, just mentioning a few of the most distinct : — 



R. fruticosus (type) has the leaflets covered underneath with 

 a close, white down ; flowers usually numerous. — Hedges and 

 thickets. 



R. corylifolms has the leaflets green underneath, usually 

 large and broad; flowers not so numerous as in the last. — 

 Hedges and thickets, flowering earlier. 



E.. carpinifoliu-S has the leaflets green underneath, but not 

 so broad, and more pointed than in the last, the stems more 

 hairy ; flowers not numerous. — Woods. 



R. glandulosus has the leaflets as in the last, or sometimes 

 broader, the stems with numerous stiff", glandular hairs mixed 

 with the prickles. — Shady woods. 



R. suberectus has the leaflets green, or slightly hoary un- 

 derneath ; stems shorter and more erect than in the common 

 forms ; flowers usually few, and the fruit not so black. — Wet 

 woods and thickets. 



R. csesius: stems slender, more or less glaucous when 

 young, spreading, or creeping along the ground, seldom arched; 



