SPECIES AND VARIETIES. 241 



projecting 8-10 inches out of the water, crowded by whorls of 

 8-12 linear entire leaves, the submerged ones more elongated 

 and flaccid ; flowers minute, sessile in the axils of the upper 

 leaves, consisting of a minute ovary, crowned by a scarcely 

 perceptible border representing a calyx, and bearing a single 

 small stamen, and a short thread-like style. — Shallow ponds 

 and ditches. Fl. June, July. 



(105) Cornus. Cornel. 



C. sanguinea : shrub, 5-6 feet high, erect ; leaves opposite, 

 broadly ovate, stalked, hoary or silky, with closely appressed 

 hairs when young; glabrous when full grown; flowers nu- 

 merous, forming terminal cymes of 1^-2 inches across; dull 

 white; drupes globular, almost black, very bitter. — Dogwood. 

 — Hedges and thickets. Fl. June. 



(106) Hydrocotyle. Pennywort. 



H. vulgaris : stems slender, creeping, rooting at every node, 

 and emitting small tufts of leaves and flowers ; leaves obicular, 

 crenate or slightly lobed, attached by the centre to a rather 

 long stalk ; peduncles shorter than the leafstalks, with a single 

 terminal head or 2-3 whorls of minute white almost sessile 

 flowers; fruits small, flat, glabrous. — Bogs, marshes, and 

 edges of ponds. Fl. June to August. 



(107) Sanicula. Sanicle. 

 S. europgea: leaves on long stalks, palmately 3-5-lobed, 

 the lobes obovate or wedge-shaped, serrated; stems 1-1 ^ feet 

 high, bearing several capitate umbels in an irregular, slightly 

 umbellate panicle; fruit ripening into little burrs in which 

 the prickles almost conceal the calyx-teeth. — Woods. Fl. 

 June, Julv. 



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