SPECIES AND VARIETIES. 253 



fragrant, pale pink. — Woods : chiefly fir woods, in Scotland. — . 

 Fl. July. 



(136) Sambucus. Elder. 



S. nigra : small tree or shrub ; leaves pinnate, with 5-7 ovate, 

 pointed, sharply-toothed segments ; flowers white or cream- 

 coloured, in broad cymes of about five main branches, many 

 times divided; fruits black. — Woods, coppices, and waste 

 places, n. June. 



S. Ebulus : stems erect, thick, pithy, 2-3 feet high ; leaf- 

 segments 7-11, lanceolate, serrated, with a smaller one on 

 each side of the leafstalk, looking like stipules ; cymes with 

 three primary branches ; flowers white, or tinted outside with 

 purple j fruits black. — Dane wort. — Roadsides and rubbishy 

 wastes, ri. August. 



(137) Viburnum. 



V. Lantana : shrub, much branched, covered with soft, 

 mealy down ; leaves ovate, cordate at the base, with small 

 pointed teeth, whitish and downy beneath ; flowers small, 

 white, in dense cymes, 2-3 inches across ; berries oblong, pur- 

 plish-black. — Wayfaring Tree. — Woods and hedges. Fl. 

 May. 



V. Opulus : shrub, everywhere glabrous ; leaves divided 

 into 3-5 broad, angular, pointed, coarsely-toothed lobes, the 

 slender leafstalks beset with glands ; flowers white, in cymes, 

 the outer ones becoming enlarged, and perfectly barren ; ber- 

 ries globular, blackish-red. — Guelder Rose. — Hedges and cop- 

 pices. Fl. Jime, July. The Guelder Rose seen in shrubberies 

 is a variety, in which all the flowers are enlarged and barren, 

 and the cyme becomes globular. 



